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HIV

What is HIV/AIDS?. a pattern of devastating infections caused by the HIV virus, which destroys certain white blood cells / the immune systemmost people with HIV virus live for years without symptomsafter a variable period of time the virus becomes activated and symptoms appear (AIDS)there is no

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HIV

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    1. HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS situation in Lao PDR, and its connections to tourism Mika Niskanen Advisor/Liaison Officer UNAIDS Lao PDR

    2. What is HIV/AIDS? a pattern of devastating infections caused by the HIV virus, which destroys certain white blood cells / the immune system most people with HIV virus live for years without symptoms after a variable period of time the virus becomes activated and symptoms appear (AIDS) there is no cure, but ARV therapy slows the onset one may infect others immediately after one has got the infection

    3. HIV is not transmitted by: shaking hands, hugging, kissing coughing or sneezing using a public phone sharing food or eating/drinking utensils using toilets or showers using public swimming pools visiting a hospital getting a mosquito or insect bite

    4. HIV can be transmitted through: unprotected vaginal or anal intercourse contaminated blood or blood products, tissues and organs contaminated needles, syringes or other piercing instruments from mother to child

    5. Global HIV/AIDS statistics, December 2003 40 million people living with HIV/AIDS 5 million people newly infected with HIV in 2003 3 million AIDS deaths in 2003 25-28 million infected in Sub-Saharan Africa 64,6-8,2 million infected in South/South-East Asia

    6. HIV infection in some countries in Asia and Pacific, end 2003 Thailand 570 000 India 2,2 – 7,6 million China 840 000 Cambodia 170 000 Malaysia 52 000 Viet Nam 220 000 Myanmar 330 000

    7. Status of HIV/AIDS in Lao PDR, 1990-2003 first HIV reported case 1990 first AIDS reported case 1991 number of HIV infection 1212 number of AIDS 670 number of deaths 486 male 63%, female 37% children 26 main route of transmission is unprotected heterosexual sex

    8. HIV infections in Lao PDR Provinces Savannakhet 535 Vientiane Cap. 325 Khammouane 95 Champassak 94 Bokeo 77 Saravane 29 Luang Prabang 20 Oudomxay 14 Vientiane Prov. 7 Sayaboury 6 Sekong 1 Louang Namtha 0 Attapeu 0 Phongsaly NA Houaphanh NA Xiengkhoang NA Xaysamboun NA

    9. Distribution of HIV positive cases 1990 - 2003

    10. Modes of HIV transmission in Lao PDR

    11. HIV infections in Lao PDR by gender

    12. HIV cases by age groups in Lao PDR

    13. HIV/AIDS risk factors in Lao PDR domestic migration cross-border migration surrounded by high-prevalence countries number of sex workers / clients recreational alcohol and drug use poverty limited access to health services low awareness among some population

    14. HIV/AIDS “risk groups” in Lao PDR service women women in general truck drivers migrants and immigrants police staff armed forces staff youth

    16. Profession of SWs’ last client

    17. UNAIDS/UN supports mainstreaming HIVAIDS into all development programmes. What steps can we take to mainstream HIV/AIDS tourism into the tourism sector, but avoid scapegoating tourists?

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