DVTA
This overview provides essential concepts in the study of motion, focusing on kinematics and dynamics. Learn about displacement, velocity, acceleration, and the differences between average speed and average velocity. The foundational principles laid by Galileo and Newton are discussed, alongside key formulas for analyzing motion. The importance of graphs, including velocity-time and acceleration-time graphs, is emphasized, illustrating how they represent movement changes over time. Gain insights into the distinctions between scalar and vector quantities crucial for understanding physical motion.
DVTA
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Presentation Transcript
DVTA Jeff Ikner Physics
What is the displacement of an object measured over an interval of time? • average velocity • What is the rate of change in velocity? • acceleration
A change in position in a particular direction. • displacement • A plot of the acceleration of an object as a function of time. • Acceleration Time Graph • Acceleration which does not change during an interval of time. • constant acceleration
Velocity which does not change during an interval of time. • constant velocity • The length moved between two points. • distance • The velocity at which an object starts at the beginning of a time interval. • initial velocity
The value of a quantity at a particular instant of time, such as position, velocity, or acceleration. • Instantaneous • The study of how motion occurs. • Kinematics • The zero location in a coordinate system. • reference point
The ratio of distance to time. • speed • What two centuries marked the beginning of our modern understanding of motion? • 16th and 17th • What two scientists are given credit for the study of motion? • Galileo and Newton
What two parts is mechanics divided? • Kinematics and Dynamics • Objects that move without rotating exhibit ___________ motion. • translational • An ___________ particle is a mathematical point with no spatial dimensions. • idealized
The description of how objects move. • Kinematics • The study of force and why objects move as they do. • Dynamics • This is a measure of how far an object is from its starting point. • displacement
The sum of the magnitudes of the lengths that an object has traveled. • distance • A quantity that has both magnitude and direction. • A vector • A quantity with magnitude only. • A scalar
Average velocity is defined in terms of ____________, not distance. • displacement • Average speed and average velocity have the same magnitude when the motion is all in _____ ________. • one direction • When an object is slowing down we say that it is __________ • decelerating
The five kinematic equations are only useful if acceleration is __________. • uniform • nano • 10-9 • Tera • 1012 • milli • 10-3
deka • 101 • kilo • 103 • pico • 10-12 • Mega • 106
Giga • 109 • micro • 10-6 • deci • 10-1 • centi • 10-2
hecto • 102 • Why is 100 = 1? • We know that 1000/1000 = 1. • 1000 = 103 • 103 / 103 = 103-3 = 100 • Therefore, 100 must be equal to 1.
What is the slope of a velocity time graph? • acceleration • What is the slope of a distance time graph? • velocity • What is the area beneath a velocity time graph? • distance
What is the area beneath an acceleration time graph? • velocity
