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Shrimp Farming and the Impacts on mangrove forests

Shrimp Farming and the Impacts on mangrove forests. Mangroves. Approximately 240,000 km 2 Found between latitudes 25 0 N and S More than half found in between latitudes 0 0 and 10 0 N and S Non-freezing regions Where waves aren’t too strong. Shrimp Farming.

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Shrimp Farming and the Impacts on mangrove forests

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  1. Shrimp Farming and the Impacts on mangrove forests

  2. Mangroves • Approximately 240,000 km2 • Found between latitudes 250 N and S • More than half found in between latitudes 00 and 100 N and S • Non-freezing regions • Where waves aren’t too strong

  3. Shrimp Farming • 1-1.5 million ha used for shrimp farming • Thailand largest shrimp producer in world (aquaculture) • Thailand used approx. 60,000 ha in 1999 • In 2001 855,500 metric tons of shrimp were produced using aquaculture • In 2000 a total of over 4 million metric tons were produced using both methods. • It’s estimated that the maximum sustainable yield in the oceans is 1.6 to 2.2 million metric tons

  4. Impacts on the environment • Eutrophication • Algal blooms • Fish kill offs • Loss of mangroves • Release of diseases

  5. Improvements in the industry • Lots of research • Restoring mangroves • Regulations • Moving farms inland?

  6. Benefits of Shrimp Farming • Relieves pressure off the oceans maximum sustainability • Provides a food commodity for communities

  7. BibliographyBarbier, E. B. 2003. Habitat-fishery Linkages and Mangrove Loss in Thailand. Contemporary Economic Policy v21 i1 p59(19).Burford, M.A., Costanzo, S.D., Dennison, W.C., Jackson, C.J., Jones, A.B., McKinnon, A.D., Preston, N.P., Trott, L.A. 2003. A Synthesis of Dominant Ecological Processes in Intensive Shrimp Ponds and Adjacent Coastal Environments in NE Australia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, xxx, xxx-xxx.Gautier, D., Amador, J., Newmark, F. 2001. The Use of Mangrove Wetland and a biofilter to shrimp pond effluents: preliminary results of an experiment on the Caribbean coast of Colombia. Aquaculture Research, Vol. 32, p. 787-799.Lebel, L., Tri, N.H., Saengnoree, A., Pasong, S., Buatama, U., Thoa, L.K. 2002. Industrial Transformation and Shrimp Aquaculture in Thailand and Vietnam: Pathways to Ecological, Social, and Economic Sustainability? Ambio Vol.31 No. 4, p. 311-323.McKinnon, A D., Trott, L.A., Alongi, D.M., Davidson, A. 2002. Water Column Production and Nutrient Characteristics in Mangrove Creeks receiving Shrimp Farm Effluent. Aquaculture Research, Vol. 33, p. 55-73.Mitch, W.J., Gosselink, J.G. 2000. Wetlands, Third Edition, Chap. 11, pp.335-337.Paez-Osuna, F. 2001. The Environmental Impact of Shrimp Aquaculture: Causes, Effects, and Mitigating Alternatives. Environmental Management Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 131-140.Paez-Osuna, F., Gracia, A., Flores-Verduga, F., Lyle-Fritch, L.P., Alonso-Rodrigues, R., Roque, A., Ruiz-Fernandez, A.C. 2003. Shrimp Aquaculture Development and the Environment in the Gulf of California Ecoregion. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. 46, p. 806-815.Paez-Osuna, F., Guerrero-Galvan, S.R., Ruiz-Fernandez, A.C. 1999. Discharge of Nutrients from Shrimp Farming to Coastal Waters of the Gulf of California. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. 38, No. 7, pp. 585-592.Toledo, G., Rojas, A., Bashan, Y. 2001. Monitoring of Black Mangrove Restoration with Nursery-reared Seedlings on an Arid Coastal Lagoon. Hydrobiologia 444: 101-109.

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