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WAVES

Explore the concept of waves and their categories, such as mechanical and electromagnetic waves. Learn how waves carry energy and the various interactions they have, including reflection, refraction, and diffraction. Discover the properties of sound waves and how they travel through a medium.

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WAVES

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  1. WAVES

  2. What is a wave? an oscillation (repetitive movement) that travels from one place to another

  3. 2 Categories of Waves Mechanical Waves Electromagnetic Waves Need a medium (gas, liquid or solids) to travel through Example: Sound Waves • Do not need a medium (vacuum) • Example: Light Waves

  4. WAVES CARRY ENERGY! Water Waves and Energy

  5. Electromagnetic Spectrum name for the range of electromagnetic waves when placed in order of increasing frequency (ENERGY)

  6. EM Spectrum Raging (radio) Martians (microwave) Invaded (infrared) Venus (visible light) Using (ultraviolet) Xray (x-ray) Guns (gamma)

  7. GPS-video Measure the time it takes a radio wave to travel from several satellite to the receiver, determining the distance of each satellite

  8. RADIOS Radios pick up radio waves through an antenna and convert it to sound waves Each radio station broadcasts to a different frequency

  9. MICROWAVES Waves transfer energy to the food causing them to vibrate which turns into energy in the form of heat to the food

  10. INFRARED Warm objects give off more heat energy, so temperatures can be calculated via infrared radiation. iphone

  11. VISIBLE LIGHT Electromagnetic waves that we can see Red light = longest wavelength Purple light = shortest wave length

  12. UV RAYS Carry more energy than visible light -Sun - Kill bacteria (sterilize) -Causes skin to make Vitamin D

  13. X-RAYS Carry a great amount of energy and can penetrate most matter Bones and teeth absorb x-rays. (Light part is where the x-ray was absorbed)

  14. GAMMA RAYS GREATEST amount of energy • used in radiation treatment to kill cancer cells • can be very harmful if not used correctly • exploding nuclear weapons emit gamma rays

  15. Parts of a wave

  16. PARTS OF A WAVE Crest Trough High point of the wave Low point of the wave

  17. PARTS OF A WAVE Frequency- how often a wave occurs in 1 sec

  18. PARTS OF A WAVE Amplitude How high a wave travels from the origin

  19. PARTS OF A WAVE Wavelength distance from any point on a wave to the same point on the next cycle of the wave.

  20. Wavelength Speed Period time it takes to make one complete cycle (ex. Crest to crest)

  21. Lower Frequency? Higher Frequency? Longer Wavelength? How are wavelength and frequency related?

  22. Frequency and Wavelength Frequency and Wavelength inverse relationship Increase Frequency → Decrease Wavelength Decrease Frequency → Increase Wavelength

  23. Transverse Waves Waves that move up and down

  24. Longitudinal/Compression Waves Wave moves side to side

  25. Longitudinal or Transverse?

  26. Wave Interactions

  27. REFLECTION Bouncing back of a wave • Sound echos • Light images in mirrors

  28. REFRACTION Bending of a wave caused by the change of mediums

  29. DIFFRACTION Bending of a wave around the edge of an object • Water waves bend around islands • Water waves pass through a slit and spread out

  30. SOUND WAVES Energy is transferred from particle to particle through matter

  31. Properties of Sound Pitch: Loudness: how high or low a sound is (determined by the wave’s frequency) characteristic of sound (determined by the wave’s amplitude)

  32. Sound Makes the Air Vibrate ¡Sound MUST travel through a medium You cannot hear sound in outer space because there is no air or other matter to carry sound vibrations.

  33. Like an Echo Song Animals and Sound

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