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Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) Presented by: Amanda Wilkins

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) Presented by: Amanda Wilkins. Overview. Autism Impact Activity Demographics Types of Disorders Etiology & Pathophysiology Signs & Symptoms Diagnosis & Lab Values Nutritional Status Treatments Nutrition Care Process. Activity Time.

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Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) Presented by: Amanda Wilkins

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  1. Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) Presented by: Amanda Wilkins Scientists Reverse Autism Symptoms in Mice. SciTechDaily. November 22, 2013. Image available at: http://scitechdaily.com/scientists-reverse-autism-symptoms-in-mice/

  2. Overview • Autism Impact Activity • Demographics • Types of Disorders • Etiology & Pathophysiology • Signs & Symptoms • Diagnosis & Lab Values • Nutritional Status • Treatments • Nutrition Care Process

  3. Activity Time • What does it feel like to be autistic? • Sensory Overload 1. Jiron M, Harris MJ, Kinder M. Interacting with Autism. Health Research and Quality. Available at: http://vimeo.com/52193530.

  4. Demographics • 1 in 68 children; • 1 in 42 boys • 1 in 189 girls • Five times more common in boys • $60,000 cost for a family per year • All racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups; Caucasians are highest • About 50% of children have at least average intellectual ability • 25% with ASD are non-verbal 2. Baio, J. Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years – Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2010. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Available at: www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6302a1.htm?s_cid=ss6302a1_w. Accessed on March 20, 2013.

  5. Types of ASD • Classic Autism • Rett Syndrome • Pervasive Developmental Disorder – Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) • Asperger’s Syndrome • Childhood Disintegrative Disorder 3. Autism Spectrum Disorders. American Psychiatric Publishing Association. 2013. Available at: http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/Autism%20Spectrum%20Disorder%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf. Accessed on March 20, 2014. 4. BoyseK. Autism, Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD). University of Michigan Health System. Available at: http://www.med.umich.edu/yourchild/topics/autism.htm#ad. 5. Autism Fact Sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Available at: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm#243573082

  6. Why did they switch? • “John's early history was totally normal. By age 2 he was speaking in sentences, and he made frequent eye contact with his parents, and his older brother. At age 3 1/2 he became extremely anxious, frequently awaking at night terrified. During the day he would cry inconsolably for long periods of time, often repeating the phrase, “it hurts, it hurts, make it go away”. After a month, his parents describe a steep decline in his communication skills. He began to flap his hands, to soil himself, and had no interest in social interaction. Extensive medical examinations were conducted at 2 pediatric hospitals, failing to reveal anything that might explain the regression. At follow-up at age 12 he still was not speaking, apart from an occasional single word, and had been placed in a school for the severely disabled.” 6. Autism Program at Yale. Yale School of Medicine. August 02, 2011. Available at: http://medicine.yale.edu/childstudy/autism/information/cdd.aspx.

  7. Etiology • Genetic • DNA changes • Vaccines • Brain Connections and growth • Immune System • Environmental factors • Serotonin levels 7. Autism FAQ. Autism Speaks. Available at: www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/faq. 5. Autism Fact Sheet. National Institue of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Available at: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm. 8. About Autism. Autism Society. Available at: http://www.autism-society.org/about-autism/causes. 9. Gotts S, Matin A. Social Brain Circuits Disrupted in Autism. National Institute of Mental Health. July 19, 2012. Available at: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/news/science-news/2012/social-brain-circuits-disrupted-in-autism.shtml. Accessed on March 10, 2014. 10. Casanova MF, El-Baz AS, and Suri JS. 2013.Imaging the brain in autism. New York, NY: Springer. Available at: http://link.springer.com.ezproxy.memphis.edu/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4614-6843-1_2/fulltext.html. 11. Coleman, M. (2005). The neurology of autism. New York: Oxford University Press Available at: http://web.a.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.memphis.edu/ehost/ebookviewer/ebook/bmxlYmtfXzE0MzM0NV9fQU41?sid=5a071554-54d6-4b53-a187-917104eb9a05@sessionmgr4003&vid=1&ppid=pp_79&format=EB&nobk=y

  8. ASD vs. Healthy Brain 9. GottsS, Matin A. Social Brain Circuits Disrupted in Autism. National Institute of Mental Health. July 19, 2012. Available at: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/news/science-news/2012/social-brain-circuits-disrupted-in-autism.shtml.

  9. Anatomy & Physiology 12. Treatment for Autism. Brain Performance Center. 2012. Available at: http://www.thebrainperformancecenter.com/conditions-and-symptoms/autism-spectrum/.

  10. Signs & Symptoms • Communication • Delayed response to name • Babbles then stops talking • Social Behavior • Lonely • Misses social cues • Repetitive Behaviors • Other Physical and Medical Conditions 13. Associated Medical Conditions. Autism Speaks. Available at: www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/symptoms.. 5. Autism Fact Sheet. National Institue of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Available at: http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm . 14. DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder Guidelines & Criteria Examples. Available at: http://depts.washington.edu/dbpeds/Screening%20Tools/DSM-5(ASD.Guidelines)Feb2013.pdf. Autism Spectrum Disorder. Dream Health. Image available at: http://www.dreamresearchgroup.com/2014/02/autism-spectrum-disorder.html.

  11. Diagnosis • Modified Checklist of Autism in Toddlers • No confirmed medical test • Multidisciplinary team • Genetic testing • Sleep difficulties testing • Hearing and Vision 15. How is Autism Diagnosed? Autism Speaks. 2014. Available at: http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis. 16. About Autism Diagnosis. Autism Society. 2013. Available at: http://www.autism-society.org/about-autism/diagnosis/. 17. TongerlooM, Bor H, Lagro-Janssen A. Detecting Autism Spectrum Disorders in the General Practitioner'S Practice. Journal Of Autism & Developmental Disorders [serial online]. August 2012;42(8):1531-1538. Available from: OmniFile Full Text Mega (H.W. Wilson), Ipswich, MA. Accessed March 2, 2014 18. Bridgemohan C, Hanson E, and Spence S. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Boston Children’s Hospital. Available at:http://www.childrenshospital.org/health-topics/conditions/autism-spectrum-disorders.

  12. Lab Values 19.Biochemical and Nutrient Issues. Academy of Nutrition and Dieitetics Nutrition Care Manual. 2014. Available at: http://www.nutritioncaremanual.org/content.cfm?ncm_content_id=110027&highlight=autism

  13. Treatments • Early Intervention • Medications • Antipsychotic • Antidepressant • Stimulant • Behavior and Communication Approaches • Dietary Approaches • Complementary and Alternative Medicine • Parents 20. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Treatment. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/treatment.html. 21. A Parent’s Guide to Autism Spectrum Disorders. National Institute of Mental Health. Available at: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/a-parents-guide-to-autism-spectrum-disorder/index.shtml. 22. Rokuskie P., Ignasiak M, and Vega V. The Parent’s Perspectives on Autism Spectrum Disorders. ReachMD. 2014. Available at: http://www.reachmd.com/xmsegment.aspx?sid=6812&&17&utm_source=ReachMD+Distribution&utm_campaign=bb423552db-ReachMD_Newsletter_09_09_2013&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_9f0d11fa3d-bb423552db-13524921.

  14. Nutritional Treatment • Thinner Bones • GI discomfort • Adding vitamins and minerals • Gluten-Free or Casein-Free diets • Most often combined Gluten and Diary Free diets 23. Winburn E, Charlton J, McConachie H, et. al. Parents’ and Child Health Professionals’ Attitudes Towards Dietary Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. J Autism Dev Disorders. September 9, 2013. 44:747–757. DOI 10.1007/s10803-013-1922-8. 19. Biochemical and Nutrient Issues. Academy of Nutrition and Dieitetics Nutrition Care Manual. 2014. Available at: http://www.nutritioncaremanual.org/content.cfm?ncm_content_id=110027&highlight=autism. 24. Nutritional Therapy. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. January 16, 2014. Available at: http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/autism/conditioninfo/Pages/nutritional-therapy.aspx

  15. Nutrition Care Process • Each child is unique • Use a multidisciplinary team • Look for addition genetic disorders • Try a gluten-free, caesin-free diet for nutritional support • Make the child as comfortable as possible throughout the process 25. Goldstein, S., & Naglieri, J. A. (2013). Interventions for autism spectrum disorders: Translating science into practice. New York, NY: Springer. http://www.nutritioncaremanual.org/content.cfm?ncm_content_id=110027&highlight=autism

  16. Thank You! http://www.williamsburgfamilies.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/autism-hands.png

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