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X2 reflects many ecosystem factors

X2 reflects many ecosystem factors. Physical Habitat changes Water Quality Contaminant effects Larval dispersal Adult migration and spawning . X2. X2. X22. X12. X32. Fish- X 2 Relationships From Kimmerer 2002. 1967-87 1988-2000 1982-2000 (DS) All Years. X2 observations.

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X2 reflects many ecosystem factors

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  1. X2 reflects many ecosystem factors Physical Habitat changes Water Quality Contaminant effects Larval dispersal Adult migration and spawning X2

  2. X2 X22 X12 X32

  3. Fish- X2 Relationships From Kimmerer 2002 1967-87 1988-2000 1982-2000 (DS) All Years

  4. X2 observations Fish:X2 Relationships maintained across 35 years of data Massive change in food web had little impact on relationships Mechanisms remain unclear and probably diverse

  5. Future Directions • Research strategy under development (CBDA grant to Kimmerer and Bennett) • Limited ability to test mechanisms • Reduced funding likely to restrict studies • Discussion with local biologists suggest that, for many possible mechanisms, variability is likely important (Estuarine Ecology Team July 2004)

  6. Conclusions • X2 seems to be working to protect aquatic resources from reductions in estuarine habitat quality • Protecting both mean and variance of X2 seem important • Unlikely that more effective ways to protect resources will be found soon • Continued data collection is vital for meaningful review

  7. Main references • Kimmerer, W.J. 2002.  Physical, biological, and management responses to variable freshwater flow into the San Francisco estuary. Estuaries 25:1275-1290 • Jassby, A.D., W. J. Kimmerer, S.G. Monismith, C. Armor, J.E. Cloern, T.M. Powell, J.R. Schubel, and T.J. Vendlinski. 1995. Isohaline position as a habitat indicator for estuarine populations. Ecological Applications 5:272-289

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