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The Southern Colonial Economy: Cash Crops and Labor Dynamics

The economy of the Southern colonies relied on labor-intensive cash crops such as tobacco, rice, and indigo. These crops, grown primarily on plantations, were central to the region's wealth. The social structure included wealthy gentry, backcountry farmers, tenant farmers, indentured servants, and enslaved individuals. Bacon's Rebellion in 1676 highlighted tensions between these groups, leading to significant changes in labor practices. The aftermath saw a shift from indentured servitude to slave labor, solidifying slavery as a crucial component of the Southern economy.

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The Southern Colonial Economy: Cash Crops and Labor Dynamics

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  1. Southern Colonial Life Ch. 3, Sec. 1 Main Idea – The Economy of the Southern colonies is dependent on labor intensive cash crops

  2. Tobacco and Rice and Indigo… Cash Crop grown as a money making venture 3 Cash Crops in the South Tobacco – VA, MD, NC Rice – SC, GA Indigo – SC All very labor intensive to harvest Grown on Plantations

  3. Social Structure in the Southern Colonies Gentry Back Country Farmer Tenant Farmer Indentured Servant Slaves

  4. Who is Who? Gentry – wealthy, landowners, plantations, slave owners Back Country Farmers – Former Indentured Servants, not much money, subsistence farmers Tenant Farmers – work someone else’s land Indentured Servants – Agree to work for period of time in exchange for trip to America Slaves – Property – no rights – Slave Code

  5. Bacon’s Rebellion - 1676 • BCF not allowed to move west into native land • Bacon leads BCF against natives, then gentry • Burns down Jamestown • Bacon dies in swamp • Rebellion Fails! • So why even talk about it ? Because….

  6. Long-term Effects of Bacon’s Rebellion • Gentry don’t want another rebellion • Indentured Servants set free and become BCF • No Indentured Servants – Slave labor instead • Slavery becomes part of the Southern economy

  7. Slavery Becomes a Business

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