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Lecture 3

Lecture 3. Phonetic Transcriptions English Vowels About the Lab. A few words about phonetic transcription : IPA characters are used to transcribe the sounds in a word. BED. TIP. ME. CAREFUL! These may not correspond to the number of letters in the word. SHEEP. TONGUE. LAUGH.

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Lecture 3

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  1. Lecture 3 Phonetic Transcriptions English Vowels About the Lab... Hilton

  2. A few words about phonetic transcription: • IPA characters are used to transcribe the sounds in a word BED TIP ME Hilton

  3. CAREFUL! Thesemay not correspond to the number of letters in the word SHEEP TONGUE LAUGH BRUISE Hilton

  4. Phonetic transcription: • there is no punctuation in phonetic transcription (no capital letters, etc.) How's it going? • there may be symbols that look like punctuation, but they have a new (symbolic) meaning… Hilton

  5. You need to learn a new meaning for these two "punctuation signs": '(an apostrophe) IPA symbol for WORD STRESS : (a colon) used in the IPA to indicate a LONG VOWEL Hilton

  6. 'marks WORD STRESS placed BEFORE the stressed syllable ' ' ' Hilton

  7. From now on, WORD STRESS will be marked in every polysyllabic word that we transcribe... Hilton

  8. :indicates a LONG VOWEL* placed AFTER the vowel symbol (a long vowel is simply a vowel you take a longer time to say…) moon deep leaf / mu:n / / di:p / / li:f / Hilton

  9. Speaking of VOWELS… The English Vowel System Hilton

  10. 5LONG VOWELS sheep blue moon bird door car vowel + [r] Hilton

  11. 6"SHORT" VOWELS ship bed hat sun dog put, book Hilton

  12. 1UNACCENTED VOWEL SOUND banana "schwa" Hilton

  13. 12 Monophthongs = simple (single) vowel sound Hilton

  14. rose cow cake night boy 8 Diphthongs beer care poor monophthong + [r] Hilton

  15. 5 Triphthongs flower higher player slower lawyer diphthong + [r] Hilton

  16. 13 Compound vowel sounds ("glides") + 12 Monophthongs = 25 English vowel sounds French: 16 vowel sounds Italian, Spanish: 5 (??) Hilton

  17. To master this complex system, you need: • to understand a little bit about vowels • to learn the sounds (and the symbols) • to PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE! Hilton

  18. What is a vowel? • How do you make a vowel sound? • What do you do (with your mouth) to change from one vowel sound to another? EXPERIMENT, and TELL ME (in English, obviously!) Hilton

  19. A vowel sound: • a reverberation of air in the mouth cavity • vocal chords "on" (always) = "voiced" sound 1. the degree to which your mouth is open 2. the position of your tongue determine which vowel you produce. Hilton

  20. Hilton www.ling.mq.edu.au/.../ vowel_artic.html.

  21. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  22. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  23. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  24. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  25. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  26. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  27. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  28. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  29. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  30. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  31. The Vowel Triangle Hilton

  32. The Vowel Triangle: DIPHTHONGS a glide cake Hilton

  33. The Vowel Triangle: DIPHTHONGS night Hilton

  34. The Vowel Triangle: DIPHTHONGS snow (RP) Hilton

  35. Booklet, p. 10: copy the symbols, and key words SHEEP BLUE MOON FISH BOOK "schwa" BED DOOR BIRD HAT SUN DOG CAR Hilton

  36. Homework: • Study all the "long" vowels: booklet, pages 11, 15 (CAR), 16, 17 (MOON). • For each vowel, try pronouncing the words. • Look up any words you don't know in the dictionary (unilingual, preferably). • Notice how many different ways each sound can be spelled!! Hilton

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