The “Clause”

1. Let’s see what we can unwrap with…. The “Clause”

2. As you know, a clause is…. • Group of words with a subject & verb • May or may not be a complete sentence Sorry, nothing to do with Santa…not even spelled the same. What about Santa??? Santa Claus does not have an “e” on the end.

3. The Santa Clause was a Disney movie with a pun as the title. A clause, in this case, is a line in a contract. The Tim Allen character fell into a contract with a clause which stated that… since he put on the red suit, he had to become Santa Claus. Get it? What is the dependent clause in the sentence? since he put on the red suit Look at the “e’s” on clause in the pics!

4. 2 Overall Kinds of Clauses: Independent & Dependent (Subordinate)

5. Pretty self-explanatory… An independent clause relies on nothing else.(It can stand alone) Think… S+V+Complete Thought= Indep. Clause Kelly knows all about this one… Example: After I finish studying, I will go to the movies.

6. A dependent clause relies on the rest of the sentence…it can’t stand alone because it’s “dependent”. Think…S + V + No complete thought = Dep. Clause Example: After I finish studying, I will go to the movies.

7. There are 3 specific types of dependent (subordinate) clauses… 1. Adjective Clause *Describes a Noun or Prn *Describes a Verb, Adjective, or Adverb 2. Adverb Clause 3. Noun Clause *The clause is used as aNoun

8. Definition of an Adjective Clause: A dependent clause that describes a noun or pronoun. Example: Ms. Jackson had shown slides that she had taken in Egypt. How do we know this is a clause and not a phrase? **It has a subject-she & a verb-had taken** Why is it an adjective clause? **Because that group of words is describing a noun=slides**

9. Hint! An adjective clause usually starts with a relative pronoun! “We already covered relative pronouns, so this will be easy!” Ok, what’s a relative pronoun again? that, which, who, whom, whose Remember those things that introduced a subordinate clause? These are those things!!!! Example: Leonardo da Vinci was the artist who painted the Mona Lisa. “Hey, that’s a subordinate clause!”

10. Definition of an Adverb Clause: A dependent clause that describes a verb, adjective, or adverb. Example: If it does not rain tomorrow, we will go to Crater Lake. Why is this an adverb clause? B/c it is describing a verb (will go) & it has a subject & verb (It does rain) NOTICE: When an adverb clause begins a sentence, it is followed by a comma.

11. An adverb clause is introduced by a subordinating conjunction! Remember, we did these already! You have this sheet in your binder (in grammar section!) Example: If it does not rain tomorrow, we will go to Crater Lake. What’s the subordinating conjunction in that sentence? If

12. Definition of a Noun Clause: A dependent clause used as a noun. EXAMPLE: Three dollars was what Daniel offered for the trinket. This is a predicate nominative….A Noun Clause can be used as Subject, Predicate Nominative, DO, or an IO, or as an Object of a Preposition. 3 Why can’t “three dollars” be the Noun Clause? Because that doesn’t have a subject & verb and a clause has to have both!

13. Participation is the Key! Let’s Try Some! Identify the Dependent Clause & tell what type it is. 1. My friend found the CD that my sister bought me for my birthday. Dep. Clause: that my sister bought me for my birthday Type: Because it is describing CD, which is a noun Adjective Clause Why? 2. He skateboarded the jump as if he were an expert. Dep. Clause: as if he were an expert Type: Adverb Clause Why? Because it is describing how he skateboarded

14. Practice Continued… 3. Did anyone ask her what sort of present she would like for her birthday? Dep. Clause: what sort of present she would like for her birthday Type: Noun Clause Why? Because it is acting as a direct object in the sentence. 4. Whoever wins the student council election will have a great deal of responsibility. Dep. Clause: whoever wins the student council election Because it is acting as the subject in the sentence. Noun Clause Why? Type:

15. Some More Practice… 5. I can’tfind my softball or my glove my cousin lent me. Dep. Clause: my cousin lent me Type: Adjective Clause Why? Because it is describing softball & glove, which are nouns 6. If you ever wanted to step into the past, you’ll like this museum. Dep. Clause: If you ever wanted to step into the past Type: Adverb Clause Why? Because it is describing what you’ll like, which is a verb

16. Let's Review *What is a clause? *What is an independent clause? *What is a dependent clause? *How many types of dependent clauses are there?

17. Review Continued... *What are the 3 types of dependent clauses? *What is a noun clause? *What is an adjective clause? *What is an adverb clause?