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The Road of Revolution 1763-1775

The Road of Revolution 1763-1775. AP US History Chevalier Fall 2011. The New “American”. Republicanism- subordination of self-interests to the common good. Stability of society and authority of government lay in its citizenry, not authoritarian or aristocratic rule.

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The Road of Revolution 1763-1775

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  1. The Road of Revolution1763-1775 AP US History Chevalier Fall 2011

  2. The New “American” • Republicanism- subordination of self-interests to the common good. Stability of society and authority of government lay in its citizenry, not authoritarian or aristocratic rule. • “Radical Whigs”- wrote about corruption and threats to individual rights (against arbitrary power) • Local control

  3. Revolution In Thought (1607-1763) • Early settlers disliked England • America’s distance and isolation weakened England’s control • Produced rugged and independent people • Allowed colonies to control themselves (laws and taxes) • Produced a new civilization and culture

  4. Revolution in Action (1763-1789) • Taxation without representation • Colonial bloodshed by British • Battles of Lexington and Concord • Declaration of Independence • War and separation with Britain • Writing of the US Constitution • A new nation

  5. Economic Control of the Colonies • Theory of Mercantilism to control the colonies • Navigation Laws of 1650 • Currency restrictions • Legislature nullification • Legislation and taxation and how it was perceived by the colonists • Ultimately, colonists will have to deny both legislative and taxation authority by Parliament

  6. Economic Control of the Colonies • Mercantilism was both good and bad, but it was the principal of the matter: • Colonists: Protection, tobacco monopoly, bounties • Theodore Roosevelt: • “Revolution broke out because Britain failed to recognize an emerging nation when it saw one.”

  7. King George III • Despised the colonies for their insubordination. • Strong supporter of taxing the colonies • Would not compromise with colonies • After losing the colonies, he went mentally insane

  8. Sugar Act 1764 • Indirect tax imposed on sugar imported from W. Indies (irksome?) • Would pad the coffers of Parliament (140 million pound debt from war) • Enforcement of Navigation Acts • Quartering Act of 1765

  9. Stamp Act (1765) • Revenue for British troops stationed in America • Commercial and legal documents • Reasonable and just? • Admiralty courts for offenders • Taxation w/o rep.

  10. Stamp Act Protests • Stamp Act Congress (significance) • Non-Importation agreements • Sons of Liberty and Daughters of Liberty • Tarring and feathering • Ransacking homes of unwanted officials and tax agents

  11. Stamp Act Protests • The Stamp Act was never put into effect • Large economic impact on Britain • Declaratory Act • Maintained ‘absolute’ control • 2 lines in the sand

  12. Townshend Duties Crisis: 1767-1770 1767 William Pitt, P. M. & Charles Townshend, Secretary of the Exchequer. Champagne Charley! Shift from paying taxes for Br. war debts & quartering of troops  paying col. govt. salaries. He diverted revenue collection from internal to external tax (indirect). Tax these imports  paper, paint, lead, glass, tea. Increase custom officials at American ports  established a Board of Customs in Boston.

  13. Townshend Protests • Not as ‘loud’ as that of the Stamp Act • Prosperity • Smuggling • Non-importation

  14. Colonial Response to the Townshend Duties 1. John Dickinson  1768*Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania. 2. 1768  2nd non-importation movement:*“Daughters of Liberty”*spinning bees 3. Riots against customs agents:* John Hancock’s ship, the Liberty.* 4000 British troops sent to Boston.

  15. For the first time, many colonists began calling people who joined the non-importation movement, "patriots!"

  16. Boston Massacre Propaganda

  17. The Boston Massacre • March 5, 1770 • 11 colonists killed or wounded • Details were somewhat sketchy • John Adams • Manslaughter (branded)

  18. Committees of Correspondence • Purpose? • Significance? • In 1772-1773, what was the probability of rebellion against England?

  19. Boston Tea Party: December 1773 • East India Trading Company • Forced demand • Continued absence of local control • Coercive Acts passed as a result.

  20. The Massacre of American Liberty • The Coercive Acts (1774) AKA the “Intolerable Acts” • Boston Port Act • Restriction of chartered rights (Mass. Gov’t. Act) • Quartering Act of 1774 • Administration of Justice Act

  21. Quebec Act (1774) • Established Roman Catholicism as the official religion on Quebec • Set up a Govt. without a representative assembly • Extended Quebec’s boundary to the Ohio River • American anger

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