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The Course of the War

The Course of the War. Militia Ordinance of 1642 called for a formation of a parliamentary army Puritans, Presbyterians, middle class support Parliament called Roundheads Anglicans, Catholics, and most nobility support the king called Cavaliers. 1643.

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The Course of the War

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  1. The Course of the War Militia Ordinance of 1642 called for a formation of a parliamentary army Puritans, Presbyterians, middle class support Parliament called Roundheads Anglicans, Catholics, and most nobility support the king called Cavaliers

  2. 1643 • Roundheads allied with Presbyterian Scotland • Promised to impose Presbyterianism on England for military help • Charles called on Irish Catholics for help

  3. 1644 • Oliver Cromwell, a Puritan leader of Parliament, led his New Model Army against the Cavaliers at Marston Moor and defeated them decisively

  4. Oliver Cromwell’s New Model Army defeated the royalists in the English Civil War. Stock Montage, Inc./Historical Pictures Collection

  5. 1645 • Charles surrendered to the Scots

  6. 1647 • Scots turned Charles over to Parliament, which was led by Cromwell’s Independents who favored religious toleration • Scots turned about and allied with Charles who promised to impose Presbyterianism on England

  7. 1648 • Cromwell defeated the Scots and helped purge the Presbyterians from Parliament • The Rump Parliament voted to behead Charles for treason

  8. 1649 • With the death of Charles, England became a republic, the Commonwealth • Cromwell and his army had the power • Puritans massacred Irish supporters of the crown

  9. Oliver Cromwell (Puritan) • From 1649 to 1660, England ran basically as a military dictatorship which brutally conquered Scotland and Ireland (Catholic) • Based on Puritan ideals • Faced internal opposition from radical ProtestantsLevellers and Diggers (universal suffrage) • Destroyed the Levellers after several revolts against his rule • put in Puritan prohibitions against drunkenness, theatre going, and dancing

  10. Cromwell and Parliament • 1652Cromwell sent his army to disperse Parliament after members wanted to challenge Cromwell • 1653”Instrument of Government” (only written constitution in English history) provided for a republic headed by the Protectorate • Cromwell stepped into Lord Protector, but still had problems with Parliament • Dismissed Parliament and turned England into 12 military districts headed by 12 generals

  11. 1653--1660 • Cromwell was designated Lord Protector by a puppet Parliament and ruled until his death in 1658 • Tiring of absolutism, Charles II of the Stuart dynasty is returned to the throne

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