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The Scorpion King

The Scorpion King. Menes of the first Dynasty. Menes 3100-2850 B.C. Also known as Aha and Scorpion, Menes was the first pharaoh of the 1st Dynasty in Egypt.

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The Scorpion King

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  1. The Scorpion King Menes of the first Dynasty

  2. Menes 3100-2850 B.C • Also known as Aha and Scorpion, Menes was the first pharaoh of the 1st Dynasty in Egypt. • This time period was characterized by “firm political structure of the land which was unified by the pharaoh”. Menes was credited with unifying Upper and Lower Egypt into a single kingdom. • Besides unifying Egypt, Menes also founded the city of Crocodopolis where he built the first temple to Ptah and the city of Memphis, which he made his capital.

  3. Representing the Upper and Lower Nile, the goddesses Nekhbet (Vulture) and Wadjet (Cobra) legitimize the pharaohs claim to rule over the Two Lands.

  4. Nekbet and Wadjet crown Narmer

  5. Menes name is represented phonetically by the hieroglyphic symbol for a catfish (n'r) and that of a chisel (mr). Like other First Dynasty Kings, his name is a single word Narmer ("The Striker")

  6. During his reign Menes expanded the kingdom and its influence to the first cataract on the Nile. • He sent ambassadors to Canaan and Byblos in Phoenicia where he developed commercial trade links. • Attacked the Nubians to the south

  7. Menes had two wives, Queen Berenib and Neithotepe. Neithotepe was the mother of Menes' only son and heir, Djer. After Menes died, Neithotepe became regent until Djer came of age to rule Egypt. • Menes died when he was sixty-three years old by either being attacked by “wild dogs and Nile crocodiles in Faiyum” or by hippopotamus. • His tomb is at Saqqara, which was a necropolis of Memphis

  8. Entrance to the tomb

  9. Queen Hatshepsut 15th Century B.C. • Daughter of Tutmose I. • Her nephew – Tutmose III was in line for the throne, but due to his age, she reigned as queen dowager • Fought her nephew • Took over control as pharaoh • Ruled for 15 years • Became “King” in all statuary • Dressed as male ruler

  10. Queen Nefertiti Wife of Akhnaton 18th Dynasty • Wife of Akhnaton: who established the new religion of one god. • She had strength of character, personality – perseverance and leadership. • Led the fight against the old priests of Aton, to establish the new religion.

  11. Hatshepsut & Nefertiti Both demonstrated the elements of leadership Hatshepsut:Vision of the throne. Skills to get there Practical: getting it done. Nefertiti:Vision of establishing the new religion. Skills to fight the priests Practical: getting it done.

  12. Plant Expeditions to Obtain Spices Ships of this type were dispatched from Egypt about 1485 BC by Queen Hatshepsut to the land of Punt to bring back frankincense, cinnamon, baboons, dogs, and myrrh trees.

  13. Transporting a myrrh tree(Queen Hatshepsut’s Punt expedition).

  14. Built by Senenmut Inspired by a temple in the middle kingdom Located between Valley of the Kings and Valley of the Queens The Temple

  15. Hatshepsut’s Temple

  16. Increased trade During her rule, peace and prosperity were in Egypt Influence to women in Egypt Two obelisks built in her honor

  17. Inscriptions from the surviving obelisk of Hatshepsut:

  18. The ancient Egyptians believed if you did not have your name written down somewhere, that after your death, you would disappear. Everyone made sure their name was written somewhere, including inside their tombs and graves.  

  19. The pharaohs ordered monuments built so they would be remembered. These monuments provided places to write their name down in a very public way. Some monuments were temples. Others were obelisks. • Obelisks were made of stone, and often built in pairs. Each obelisk was at least 70 feet tall and most were taller. Each was decorated with writing telling of the great achievements of the person each obelisk honored. This information has told us a great deal about ancient Egyptian life

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