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Understanding Thermoelectric Coolers: Function, Efficiency, and Temperature Effects

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Thermoelectric coolers (TECs) utilize the Seebeck Effect to create a temperature differential, allowing for effective cooling applications without the need for moving parts or refrigerants. Despite their advantages, such as compact size and minimal bulk, their efficiency is often limited to below 50%. An in-depth examination of how TECs work reveals their significance in cooling human tissue and potential use in medical applications. Understanding human body temperature ranges and the effects of hypothermia and fever highlights the importance of temperature regulation for health and safety.

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Understanding Thermoelectric Coolers: Function, Efficiency, and Temperature Effects

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Presentation Transcript

  1. What is a TEC? TEC

  2. How do they work? • Current >>> Temperature (seebeck effect) • Hotside-coldside • Direction of current (Peltier Effect) • Cooling human tissue

  3. Pros? Cons? • Smaller, less bulk • Don’t require a medium • Not very efficient (<50%)

  4. Temprature & the body 37 °C (99 °F)- Normal body • 36 °C (97 °F)- Mild to moderate shivering (body temperature may drop this low during sleep). May be a normal body temperature. • 35 °C (95 °F)- (Hypothermia) is less than 35 °C (95 °F) - Intense shivering, numbness and bluish/grayness of the skin. • 34 °C (93 °F)- Severe shivering, loss of movement of fingers, blueness and confusion. Some behavioral changes may take place. • 33 °C (91 °F)- Moderate to severe confusion, sleepiness, depressed reflexes, progressive loss of shivering, slow heart beat, shallow breathing. Shivering may stop. Subject may be unresponsive to certain stimuli. • 24–26 °C (75–79 °F) or less- Death usually occurs due to irregular heart beat or respiratory arrest;

  5. Temperature & the body contd. • 38 °C (100 °F)- Sweating, feeling very uncomfortable, slightly hungry. • 39°C (102.2°F)(Pyrexia) - Severe sweating, flushed and very red. Fast heart rate and breathlessness. • 40°C (104°F)- Fainting, dehydration, weakness, vomiting, headache and dizziness may occur as well as profuse sweating. • 41°C (105.8°F)- (Medical emergency) - Fainting, vomiting, severe headache, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, delirium and drowsiness can occur • 42°C (107.6°F) - Subject may turn pale or remain flushed and red. They may become comatose, be in severe delirium, vomiting, and convulsions can occur.

  6. Temperature & body contd. • 43°C (109.4°F) - Normally death, or there may be serious brain damage, continuous convulsions and shock. Cardio-respiratory collapse will occur.· 44°C (111.2°F) or more - Almost certainly death will occur; however, patients have been known to survive up to 46.5°C (115.7°F).

  7. HypothermiaMain article: HypothermiaIn hypothermia, body temperature drops below that required for normal metabolism and bodily functions.

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