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Understanding the Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Disorders

The nervous system plays a crucial role in controlling thoughts and movements, encompassing the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). Neurons, the specialized cells of the nervous system, transmit messages and store information. This guide covers the types of neurons (sensory, interneurons, and motor neurons), brain functions, memory processes, and factors affecting memory loss, including medications and stress. Explore the neuroscience behind emotions and conditions like schizophrenia through insightful videos and resources.

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Understanding the Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Disorders

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Nervous System • Purpose: Controls thoughts and voluntary/involuntary movements • Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord • Peripheral Nervous System: Nerves that transmit messages from the CNS to other organs

  2. Neurons • Neurons are specialized cells that store information and carry messages within the nervous system • Cell body: contains nucleus and other organelles • Dendrite: branchlike extensions that receive messages from neighboring cells • Axon: long extension that carries electrical messages away from the cell body and pass them to other cells

  3. Making connections

  4. Neurotransmitters • Chemical signals of the nervous system

  5. The Neuroscience of Emotions • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNY0AAUtH3g

  6. Types of Neurons • Sensory neurons • Interneurons • Motor neurons

  7. Types of neurons • Sensory neurons: detect stimuli and transfer signals to the brain and the spinal cord (CNS) • Interneurons: receive signal from sensory neurons and relay them within your brain to pass on to motor neurons • Motor neurons: pass information from the nervous system to other tissues in the body (PNS)

  8. 3 Actors!

  9. Scenario

  10. 3 actors!

  11. Scenario

  12. Parts of the Brain

  13. Left vs. Right Brain MYTH

  14. Test • http://en.sommer-sommer.com/braintest/

  15. Memory • Three parts: • Encoding • Have to be paying attention! • Storing • Short term or long term • Retrieval • Works when first steps are done effectively

  16. But… • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lkvOMt34hAo

  17. Memory Loss • Can be caused by: • Medication • Drug use • Sleep deprivation • Depression/Stress • Diet • Head Injury • Stroke • Alzheimer’s

  18. Alzheimer’s Disease • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Wv9jrk-gXc

  19. Dreams

  20. Dreams • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GGzc3x9WJU

  21. Catalyst • Jani is a young girl (currently 11 years old) diagnosed with schizophrenia. As you watch the video, write down any symptoms (or effects of the disease) that you notice in her behavior.

  22. What did you notice?

  23. What is Schizophrenia?

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