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Our own Superfund Site

Our own Superfund Site. Lipari Landfill Private municipal-waste landfill also accepted industrial wastes Including chemicals! Top of the Superfund list for a while Pitman, New Jersey, USA Upstream of Lake Alcyon Human-made lake used for recreation. Lipari and Rowan University.

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Our own Superfund Site

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  1. Our own Superfund Site • Lipari Landfill • Private municipal-waste landfill • also accepted industrial wastes • Including chemicals! • Top of the Superfund list for a while • Pitman, New Jersey, USA • Upstream of Lake Alcyon • Human-made lake used for recreation

  2. Lipari and Rowan University

  3. Lipari and Lake Alcyon and Park

  4. Lake Alcyon • 5.5 hectares • Watershed - 10 sq-km • 244 m downstream of Lipari landfill

  5. Lake Alcyon History • Human-made, 1800’s • Pitman - Methodist summer camp • Started in 1871 • Central auditorium surrounded by tents and cottages • Lake Alcyon nearby source of recreation • Alcyon Raceway • 1895-1960

  6. Pitman http://www.njchurchscape.com/PitmanGrove-ME.html

  7. AlcyonRaceway http://www.3widespicturevault.com

  8. Historic Alcyon Park • Active amusement park until WW II • boardwalk, skating rink, bowling alley and other arcade type attractions (lake shores, early 1900's) Bowling and Bathhouse 1905 Toboggan 1905 (apnostalgia.crosswinds.net) (apnostalgia.crosswinds.net)

  9. Lipari Landfill • 16 acres • Started 1958 • Municipal Wastes • Hazardous chemical & industrial wastes • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) &heavy metals • Contamination • Underlying aquifers • Nearby marshes & streams • Alcyon Lake • Strong chemical odors &respiratory problems • At least 1 explosion & 2 fires • Closed 1971 Lipari 1971

  10. Lipari 2011

  11. Lipari Chemicals • Contaminants of concern are BCEE, 1,2 DCA, benzene, and heavy metals • BCEE = Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether • C4H8Cl2O • 1,2-DCA = 1,2-Dichloroethane • C2H4Cl2

  12. BCEE • High solubility in water • BCEE in air would tend to be removed by wet deposition (removed by disolving in rain) • Low octanol-water partition coefficient and Bio-Concentration Factor • “Prefers” to dissolve in water rather than adsorb to organic matter • Low adsorbability

  13. 1,2 DCA • Colorless, organic liquid • Used in making chemicals for plastic & rubber • Highly volatile • Persistent in groundwater • NJ was major producer of 1,2 DCA

  14. Local Populations - Diseases • Survey funded by US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (1998) • people participating in outdoor activities around landfill had higher levels of respiratory problems, skin diseases, and intestinal and blood disorders • no link to high cancer rates or birth defects • Earlier NJ Department of Health study • lower birth weights in newborns around landfill • Many potential diseases can take decades to appear… • medical monitoring project underway • http://www.sskrplaw.com/publications/jlipari22.html

  15. Stakeholders • Local citizens • Pitman Environmental Commission • Borough of Pitman • State Politician • Gloucester County Planning Department • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

  16. Lipari Landfill Timeline • 1960sNick Lipari accepts solid & liquid industrial wastes • 1970NJ DoH finds thick brown residues with "pungent irritating odor" leaking into nearby stream • 1971nearby residents sign affidavit - intolerable odors, headaches, nausea & inability to breathe • 1971  Landfill closed by state government • 1971 - 82  Community uses landfill as park (Children, motocross trail…) • 1979  NJ gov. finds numerous hazardous compounds in marsh • 1982  Security fence installed • 1983  Put on Superfund national priorities list • 1983  Slurry wall and cap installed • 1988  PRP excavates / treats soils & sediments from off-site areas • marsh, streams, lake - placed on old racetrack • 1992  Batch Flush System Installed On-Site • 1995  Lake reopened for recreational use • 2001  Dual Phase Extraction Begins • >400M liters treated to date (~2010) • Monitoring • Total cost: ~$130,000,000 as of ~2010

  17. Lake Cleanup – Sediment removal Turtle project!

  18. Dual Phase Extraction, DPE • Vaccum piping to pump and transport gas and leachate • Gas gets treated by thermal oxidation unit and scrubber • Liquid treated with GAC

  19. Dual Phase Extraction

  20. BCEE @ Lipari Landfill • Leachate concentrations double allowable limit • Pump and Treat will become too costly to remove BCEE

  21. BCEE concentrations at Lipari

  22. 1,2 DCA @ Lipari Landfill • Steady decrease in concentrations with DPE system

  23. Lipari Aerial

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