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B. Lewke, S. Krämer, Y. Méndez Hernández and J. Kindersberger May 9th, 2007

A Simulation Method for the Wind Turbine‘s Electric Field Distribution Caused by the Stepped Lightning Leader. B. Lewke, S. Krämer, Y. Méndez Hernández and J. Kindersberger May 9th, 2007 Laboratory for High Voltage Technology and Power Transmission Technical University of Munich &

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B. Lewke, S. Krämer, Y. Méndez Hernández and J. Kindersberger May 9th, 2007

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  1. A Simulation Method for the Wind Turbine‘s Electric Field Distribution Caused by the Stepped Lightning Leader B. Lewke, S. Krämer, Y. Méndez Hernández and J. Kindersberger May 9th, 2007 Laboratory for High Voltage Technology and Power Transmission Technical University of Munich & GE Global Research

  2. Table of Contents

  3. Average Downtime Loss Repartition • Lightning faults cause more loss in wind turbine availability and production than the average fault. Source: VDE DIN IEC 88/117/CD(VDE 0127 Teil 24): 2000-06 Motivation

  4. Ground flash density 1994 • Exposed Positions • High structure • Critical material compound • Steel, copper • Glass-fiber, carbon-fiber • Sensible electronics • Current amplitudes up to 200 kA have to be considered • Probability of lightning strike increases with increasing facility height • Lightning strikes per year and facility (IEC 61400-24)Example: Offshore, North sea (1.5 MW): Ref.: Spherics GmbH N_g: average, annual ground flash density A_d: equiv. collection area of direct lightning strikes to the facility C_d: Environmental factor; C_d =1 (shallow), C_d=2 (hills) Lightning and Wind Turbines

  5. Ref.: LM Glassfiber Example for Common Lightning Protection System of Rotor Blades

  6. Model of a Leader Channel Approaching a Wind Turbine

  7. Mirror charge principle to simulate excitation Leader Leader WT/Goundpotential Tip height: 20m; Peakcurrent: 2.9 kA Tip height: 30m; Peakcurrent: 5.4 kA Tip height: 45m; Peakcurrent: 10.1 kA Tip height: 60m; Peakcurrent: 15.7 kA Spiegelladungsprinzip Modeling in ANSYS

  8. Magnitude of E-Field [kV/cm] Magnitude of E-Field [kV/cm] Radius of Corona Sheath [m] Length of Leader Channel [m] Validation of Model

  9. 2D-Cross Section Model of Rotor Blade Tip for E-Field Calculations

  10. Down conductor Excitation path Down-conductor Distribution of Electrical Potential

  11. Round shaped, no insulation round shaped, insulation (ETFE) Round shaped, insulation (FEP) rectangular shaped Pathlength [m] (round shaped down conductor) Electric Field [kV/cm] Pathlength [m] (rectangular shaped down conductor) Electric Field Strength at Internal Down-Conductor

  12. Conclusion

  13. Thank you very much for your attention.

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