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Mastering Communication: Words, Bias, and Social Etiquette

Understand the mechanics and power of words in communication. Learn to avoid bias through respect and consistency. Explore the role of verbal, vocal, and non-verbal cues. Discover the impact of language in an assault case. Dive into the nuances of word meanings and emotional awareness in personal evaluation. Uncover influences on judgments and biases, and navigate social etiquette for effective interactions.

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Mastering Communication: Words, Bias, and Social Etiquette

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Presentation Transcript

  1. LISTENING Brian Lintner 26 May 05

  2. Part I – The Mechanics of words Part II – The use of words in an assault case. Breakdown…

  3. Ground Rules • Bias is not permitted • Respect & Consistency (Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative) Don’t try this at home!

  4. Communication Process • Verbal • The words we choose to use • Primarily passes facts or opinions. • Vocal • How we say those words • Supports words and non-verbal • Non-verbal • The posture, gesture & movements we make while talking • Shows attitudes and feelings

  5. Facts About Communication Sleep Sleeps Sleeping Slept Sleeping-pills Sleeper • Oxford English Dictionary • 171,476 words • 74,156 obsolete words • 9,500 words = sub-entries • ½ of these words are nouns • ¼ are adjectives • 1/7 are verbs • The rest are interjections

  6. Information Passage • 7% of message = verbal • The average person’s vocabulary is 5 – 6k words. • 38% of message = vocal • 55% of message = non-verbal • 93% of communication is NON-VERBAL

  7. Processing words • Listeners are easily distracted – we tend to hear what we EXPECT others to say. • Our brain: 500 wpm processing. • Speaking: 125 wpm – lots of time for the listener to “tune out”. • Good typist: 60 wpm. • Handwrite: 20 wpm.

  8. More facts About Communication • 75% of oral communication is ignored, misunderstood, and quickly forgotten. • Words have different meanings for people. • Speakers are often unaware of their own emotions.

  9. Personal Evaluation Effects • Halo – we exaggerate a person’s ability because we are pleased with one aspect of their overall character. • Horn – we exaggerate… displeased with one aspect of their overall character. • Contrast – last person I listened to was horrible – the next must be “godlike!”

  10. Influences… • Primacy - Initial judgement is made, and then information is sought to support that judgement. • Recency – the most recent information we hear influences our most recent findings. • Negativity • we tend to be negative. • Must search for more positive or neutral (politically correct?) information.

  11. Influences… con’t • Similar-to-me • Dissimilar-to-me • Demographic effects • Physical attractiveness • Personal liking

  12. How to avoid bias… • Avoid first impression biases. • Be aware of varieties of behaviours. • Do not assume “normalcy.” Your “normalcy is likely different than the person sitting next to you. • What the speaker is saying is logical in their mind.

  13. Social Introduction • The rules of etiquette apply in everyday life – as they do in writing. I can introduce: • My partner, Shannon. • My partner. • Shannon. • The other half. • Shannon is my wife. • My better half; and not • The old lady.

  14. “Me, my wife, and two sons, and one daughter…”

  15. I, ME, MY • WE • You • S/he • They • It was done... (= passive language) • none – ‘got up, went to work, sat at the desk’ • Using their own name

  16. Structure of a Story • Introduction 30% • Main issue 50% • Conclusion 20%

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