The American Revolution Chapters 7 and 8

1. The American Revolution Chapters 7 and 8

2. SS4H4 The student will explain the causes, events, and results of the American Revolution. • a. Trace the events that shaped the revolutionary movement in America, including the French and Indian War, British Imperial Policy that led to the 1765 Stamp Act, the slogan “no taxation without representation,” the activities of the Sons of Liberty, and the Boston Tea Party. • b. Explain the writing of the Declaration of Independence; include who wrote it, how it was written, why it was necessary, and how it was a response to tyranny and the abuse of power. • c. Describe the major events of the American Revolution and explain the factors leading to American victory and British defeat; include the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Saratoga, and Yorktown. • d. Describe key individuals in the American Revolution with emphasis on King George III, George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Benedict Arnold, Patrick Henry, and John Adams.

3. 1492 1607 1732 115 years 125 years Christopher Columbus lands at San Salvador James Oglethorpe establishes Georgia First Colony at Jamestown

4. Maine Massachusetts New Hampshire Rhode Island Connecticut New York Pennsylvania New Jersey Delaware Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia

5. Text pages 166-181

6. Text pages 188-201

7. Text pages 202-217

8. Imports to bring items IN from another country Exports to send items out to another country

9. Text page 175

10. Rice Indigo Cash Crops Cotton Tobacco Text pages 210-211

12. The Middle Passage Text book page 176

15. Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it….. George Santayana

16. 1492 1607 1732 1754-1763 115 years 125 years 12 years Christopher Columbus lands at San Salvador James Oglethorpe establishes Georgia First Colony at Jamestown French and Indian War

17. War between France and Britain England and France fought for control of the Ohio River Valley. The land included rivers which allowed for transportation of goods. Native Americans living in the area traded furs with the French in exchange for guns. The French wanted to keep England out of this trade. A young officer named George Washington lead soldier into battle against the French. England had to send in more troops. Text book page 228

18. Text book page 229

19. Benjamin Franklin had a plan to unite the 13 colonies to fight against France. He believed the colonies could fight better if they worked together. The plan is called The Albany Plan because the group met in Albany, New York to discuss it. The Albany Plan would allow each colony to keep it’s own government, but also have an overall government. The colonies did not agree because they did not want to join together under one government. Text book page 229

20. Britain (colonies) was losing the French and Indian War. William Pitt became a leader in Britain’s parliament in 1757. He sent more ships and soldier to North America. In 1763, France was ready to make peace with Britain. The two countries signed an agreement called the Treaty of Paris. Text book page 230

21. 1492 1607 1732 1754-1763 115 years 125 years 12 years Christopher Columbus lands at San Salvador James Oglethorpe establishes Georgia First Colony at Jamestown French and Indian War Treaty of Paris

22. Louisiana Text book page 230

23. 1492 1607 1732 1754-1763 115 years 125 years 12 years Christopher Columbus lands at San Salvador James Oglethorpe establishes Georgia First Colony at Jamestown French and Indian War Treaty of Paris The Proclamation of 1763

24. Louisiana The Proclamation of 1763 said that … colonist could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. Appalachian Mountains Mississippi River Text book page 230

25. Who pays • for the guns? • for the ammunition? • Soldiers (uniforms, food, housing)?

26. The British planned to raise money by collecting taxes. A tax is money that people pay to their government in return for services. Taxes were also be on goods (such as cloth and tea) that imported (brought into the colony). Text book page 234

27. Taxes • The Stamp Act – taxed almost everything that was printed (newspapers, calendars, playing cards) • The Sugar Act – taxed sugar and other imported goods such as coffee and cloth Colonist believed it was not fair to be taxed by a Parliament far away. Taxes should be passed by their local representatives. Taxation without Representation Text book page 234-235

28. 1492 1607 1732 1754-1763 1764-1767 115 years 125 years 12 years Taxes: Stamp Act The Townshend Acts Christopher Columbus lands at San Salvador James Oglethorpe establishes Georgia First Colony at Jamestown French and Indian War Treaty of Paris The Proclamation of 1763

29. Patrick Henry Patrick Henry made a speech against the Stamp Act. He said Britain was using its power unfairly. Samuel Adams Samuel Adams became the leader of the Sons of Liberty. They organized a protest against the Stamp Act. Text book page 235

30. Sons of Liberty Text book page 235

32. What can you do when you disagree with the GOVERNMENT? Boycott – a group of people refuse to buy, sell, or use certain goods The boycotts and protests worked. Parliament agreed to repeal the Stamp Act. To repeal a law means to cancel it. But does that mean no more taxes for the colonist? Text book page 236

33. The Townshend Acts British Parliament creates a new tax on tea, glass, lead, paints, and paper that the colonist import. So the women get involved….. Text book page 237

34. Daughters of Liberty The women boycott the taxed imported cloth from Britain. They began to weave their own cloth. British merchants lost money. Text book page 237

35. So the British government removed the taxes on everything except – TEA! Text book page 237

36. Trouble in Boston On March 5, 1771, people in Boston argued with British soldiers. Someone threw a snowball and a soldier fired his gun. Five colonist were killed. One was Crispus Attucks, an African American sailor. Angry colonists called the fight a massacre which means the killing of many people. This picture was created by Paul Revere showing soldiers shooting at colonist who are not angry. Notice they have no weapons. Text book page 240

37. 1492 1607 1732 1754-1763 1764-1767 1770 115 years 125 years 12 years Taxes: Stamp Act The Townshend Acts Christopher Columbus lands at San Salvador James Oglethorpe establishes Georgia First Colony at Jamestown French and Indian War The Boston Massacre Treaty of Paris The Proclamation of 1763

38. As a results of the Boston Massacre, Samuel Adams set up the Committees of Correspondence. This is a way to share written news with all the colonies. Text book page 241

39. You’re invited to a Tea Party! In 1773, Parliament passed the Tea Act. This law allowed the East India Company of Britain to sell tea at a very low price (so more people would want to buy it.) Colonist did not want to buy from Britain, so the tea sat on ships in the harbor. On the night of December 16, 1773, several dozen of the Sons of Liberty boarded the ship and threw the tea overboard. This was the Boston Tea Party. Text book page 242

40. 1492 1607 1732 1754-1763 1764-1767 1770 1773 115 years 125 years 12 years The Boston Tea Party Taxes: Stamp Act The Townshend Acts Christopher Columbus lands at San Salvador James Oglethorpe establishes Georgia First Colony at Jamestown French and Indian War The Boston Massacre Treaty of Paris The Proclamation of 1763

41. Britain fights back with the Coercive Acts to punish the colonists. These acts were meant to punish the colonists. (Coerce means to force.) The colonist called them The Intolerable Acts. (Intolerable means unbearable.) On September 5, 1777, delegates from every colony (except Georgia) met in Philadelphia to write a letter to the British government. Text book page 243

42. This is known as the First Continental Congress.

43. 1492 1607 1732 1754-1763 1764-1767 1770 1773 1774 115 years 125 years 12 years The Boston Tea Party Taxes: Stamp Act The Townshend Acts Christopher Columbus lands at San Salvador James Oglethorpe establishes Georgia First Continental Congress (September) First Colony at Jamestown French and Indian War The Boston Massacre Treaty of Paris The Proclamation of 1763

44. Colonist who opposed British rule called themselves Patriots. Text book page 250

45. People of the American Revolution British Leaders • King George III • Thomas Gage Patriots • George Washington • Benjamin Franklin • Samuel Adams • Paul Revere • William Dawes • Patrick Henry

46. Thomas Gage General Thomas Gage was the British governor of Massachusetts. He had orders to stop any rebellion of colonists. He learned that Patriots were storing up gunpowder and cannons in Concord. He decided to send British troops to destroy them. Patriots learned of his plan and set up a plan to alert people that the British Regulars were coming to attack. They would hang one lantern in the North Church steeple if the Regulars were coming by the land route and two lanterns would mean they were coming by sea. Text book page 250

47. Paul Revere Paul Revere became a messenger for the colonists in their fight against the British. On the night of April 18, 1775, Revere and William Dawes waited for a signal from the steeple of the Old North Church in Boston; one lantern meant that the British were coming by land, two lanterns meant that the British were coming by sea. Two lanterns were shining; this meant that the British were coming by sea. This was the beginning of the American Revolution. William Dawes Text book page 251

48. Their plan was to ride borrowed horses from Boston to Lexington, and on to Concord, Massachusetts, to warn the people that the British were coming. Revere was captured by the British near Lexington, and Samuel Prescott (who had joined them on the ride) made it to Concord, warning Samuel Adams and John Hancock to protect the military equipment stored at Concord. Text book page 251

49. Text book page 251

50. 1492 1607 1732 1754-1763 1764-1767 1770 1773 1774 115 years 125 years 12 years The Boston Tea Party Taxes: Stamp Act The Townshend Acts Christopher Columbus lands at San Salvador James Oglethorpe establishes Georgia First Continental Congress (September) First Colony at Jamestown French and Indian War The Boston Massacre Treaty of Paris Paul Revere’s Ride The Proclamation of 1763