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Glorious Revolution, Enlightenment/Great Awakening & Native American-Settler Relations

Glorious Revolution, Enlightenment/Great Awakening & Native American-Settler Relations. (Ch. 4.4 & 4.1; pp. 106-111; 81-86). I. Glorious Revolution. A. English Civil War Parliament vs. King Cromwell/Commonwealth vs. Charles I (beheaded 1649) political & religious B. Restoration

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Glorious Revolution, Enlightenment/Great Awakening & Native American-Settler Relations

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  1. Glorious Revolution, Enlightenment/Great Awakening & Native American-Settler Relations (Ch. 4.4 & 4.1; pp. 106-111; 81-86)

  2. I. Glorious Revolution A. English Civil War • Parliament vs. King • Cromwell/Commonwealth vs. Charles I (beheaded 1649) • political & religious B. Restoration • Charles II (r. 1660-85) • James II (r. 1685-88) • sons of Charles I • want absolutism • rarely call Parliament • pro-Catholic • 2 daughters (both Prot.) – son later (Cath.)

  3. I. Glorious Revolution (cont.) C. Colonial Impact • pro-colonial legislatures/Parliament • local legislative assemblies (leg. Ass.) • centralized under James II • Dominion of NE – 1686 • Edmund Andros – gov. • disbanded colonial assemblies • Consolidated NE colonies (later NY & NJ – 1688)

  4. I. Glorious Revolution (cont.) D. **Glorious Revolution – 1688-89** • William of Orange (Dutch Prot.) & Mary (Engl. Prot.) • Limited/Constitutional Monarchy • British Bill of Rights (B.O.R.) • Parl. = “power of purse” (taxes) • shared power • longest continuous gov’t • Leisler’s Rebellion – 1691 • NYC • anti-Royalist sentiment – although tried & hanged • local power

  5. II. Enlightenment • philosophy • rationalism • natural laws • make sense of world, universe, God, mankind • Classics – Greece & Rome • Locke, Hobbes, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire, Wollstonecroft • *Deism* - God creates world, then walks away • Franklin, Jefferson, Washington, Madison, etc. • impact on Founding Fathers

  6. III. Great Awakening (1730s-1750s) A. Overview • religious revival • emotional [contrast to Enlightenment & Puritans] • “Old Lights” vs. “New Lights” • Preachers • Jonathan Edwards – Cong. • George Whitefield – Ang. • William Tennent – Presby. • Theodore Freilinghuysen – Dutch Reformed (Calvinist) • non-denominational Protestants (greater toleration) • Edwards – “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” • “fire & brimstone” • anti-materialistic • anti-religious authority (“Old Lights”) • stagnant religion

  7. IV. Native American-Settler Relations A. VA (Chesapeake) • Anglo-Powhatan Wars • intermittent (1610-42) • Bacon’s Rebellion (1676) B. New England • Pequot War – 1636-37 • CT river valley – Mystic • brutal fighting; massacre • King Philip’s War (1675-76) • Metacom (King Philip) – Wampanoag

  8. IV. NA-Settler Relations (cont.) C. Other Colonies • NC – Tuscaroras – 1710s (later joined Iroquois) • SC – Yamasees/Catawbas • PA & RI – generally good relations (esp. under Penn) D. Iroquois League • Covenant Chain • helped Br. Settlers move NA’s • powerful group • played European settlers against each other • esp. Br. & Fr.) • weakened by King William’s War (1690s)

  9. IV. NA-Settler Relations (cont.) E. Impact of disease • wiped out 80-90% on coast • weakened belief system F. Unity? • few examples until 1750s • often fighting w/ each other over territory • Tecumseh (1750s) • Pontiac (1810s) • began on frontier

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