1 / 34

Figure 6-1 (p. 367) Number circles for sign-magnitude: ( a ) integer ( b ) fractions.

Figure 6-1 (p. 367) Number circles for sign-magnitude: ( a ) integer ( b ) fractions. Figure 6-2 (p. 368) Transfer characteristics for quantization with sign-magnitude numbers: (a) truncation; (b) rounding.

tasha
Télécharger la présentation

Figure 6-1 (p. 367) Number circles for sign-magnitude: ( a ) integer ( b ) fractions.

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Figure 6-1 (p. 367)Number circles for sign-magnitude: (a) integer (b) fractions.

  2. Figure 6-2 (p. 368)Transfer characteristics for quantization with sign-magnitude numbers: (a) truncation; (b) rounding

  3. Figure 6-3 (p. 368)Number circles for two-s complement: (a) integers, (b) fractions.

  4. Figure 6-4 (p. 369)Transfer characteristic for two’s complement truncation.

  5. Figure 6-5 (p. 370)IEEE-754 format for floating point numbers.

  6. Figure 6-6 (p. 373)Pole locations for a second-order Direct Form filter quantized with 4 bits.

  7. Figure 6-7 (p. 374)Pole locations for a second-order Coupled-Form filter quantized with 4 bits.

  8. Figure 6-8 (p. 375)Frequency response of unquantized Butterworth filter.

  9. Figure 6-9 (p. 376)Frequency response of Direct Form filter quantized to 8 bits.

  10. Figure 6-10 (p. 377)Frequency response of cascade-form filter quantized to 8 bits.

  11. Figure 6-11 (p. 377)Zero locations for a linear phase FIR filter.

  12. Figure 6-12 (p. 378) Implementation of a pair of complex conjugate poles and their reciprocals with quantization of coefficients. ^ represents coefficient quantization. This structure preserves the linear phase property.

  13. Figure 6-13 (p. 379)Quantization noise model for a first-order filter.

  14. Figure 6-14 (p. 380)Probability density function for noise sources: (a) sign-magnitude; (b) two’s complement truncation; (c) rounding.

  15. Figure 6-15 (p. 382)Noise model for a second-order Direct Form II filter using a single-length accumulator.

  16. Figure 6-16 (p. 384)Direct Form II structure for example.

  17. Figure 6-17 (p. 384)Cascade form structure, for example.

  18. Figure 6-18 (p. 387)Transfer characteristic of the sign-magnitude overflow operation.

  19. Figure 6-19 (p. 387)Transfer characteristic of saturation overflow.

  20. Figure 6-20 (p. 388)Transfer characteristic of the two’s complement overflow operation.

  21. Figure 6-21 (p. 388)Transfer characteristic of the zeroing overflow operation.

  22. Figure 6-22 (p. 390)Stability triangle for a second-order Direct Form filter. Shaded region: overflow stability region.

  23. Figure 6-23 (p. 393)Stability realization of second-order filter with double pole at .

  24. Figure 6-24 (p. 398)Quantization noise sources in a scaled second-order Direct Form II digital filter.

  25. Figure 6-25 (p. 403)Roundoff stable region for a minimum norm filter.

  26. Figure 6-26 (p. 404)Roundoff stable region for a Direct Form filter.

  27. Figure 6-27 (p. 406)Stability region under magnitude truncation. (a) Coupled-Form filter, (b) Direct Form filter.

  28. Figure 6-28 (p. 409)(a) Regions 1 and 2. Period-2 limit cycles can always be obtained. Region 3: Period-2 limit cycles may be present depending on initial conditions; Region 4: Region of global asymptotic stability; (b) Shaded region is the necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of period-1 limit cycles.

  29. Figure 6-29 (p. 410) Stability region for a Coupled Form filter with TCQ given by sufficient condition.

  30. Figure 6-30 (p. 411)Stability region for a Coupled Form filter with TCQ, obtained by an exhaustive search.

  31. Figure 6-31 (p. 412)Modified block structure.

  32. Figure 6-32 (p. 413)Stability region for a Coupled Form filter with TCQ implementation in a modified block form with a block size of 2.

  33. Figure P6-1 (p. 417)

  34. Figure P6-2 (p. 419)

More Related