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The origins of sociological thinking

The origins of sociological thinking. The Origins…. The origins of sociological thinking were influenced by two separate “revolutions”: The Age of Enlightenment A revolution of thought The Industrial Revolution A revolution of technology. Ancient Greece. Key Figures Main Ideas

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The origins of sociological thinking

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  1. The origins of sociological thinking

  2. The Origins… • The origins of sociological thinking were influenced by two separate “revolutions”: • The Age of Enlightenment • A revolution of thought • The Industrial Revolution • A revolution of technology

  3. Ancient Greece • Key Figures • Main Ideas • Influence on Ideas about Society

  4. Ancient Greece • Where did social thought originate? • Early Greeks studied society, but spent most of their time discussing what it should be like – not how it actually was

  5. Scientific Revolution • With the development of modern science in 1700s, social thinkers began to study society in a more scientific, systematic way

  6. Age of Enlightenment • From the late 1600s to the mid 1700s, some philosophers began to demonstrate a skepticism of religion, while emphasizing the importance of reason • They believed (optimistically) that human society would be improved by scientific discovery and individuals’ pursuit of self-interest • By the late 1700s / early 1800s, sociology as we know it (ie. observing and analyzing society in a systematic manner) began to take shape

  7. Industrial Revolution Revolution, Industrialization & Urbanization • The introduction of industrialization changed society irreversibly • Industrialization transformed agriculture- and craft-based societies into industry- and manufacturing-based societies • As a result, people left their farms to go work in the cities, creating a new social ‘class’ of people (the working class)

  8. Urbanization • Another result of industrialization was the emergence of urbanization • As people moved to the cities to work in factories, population distribution were changed such that more people lived in cities and fewer people lived in rural areas • This process is called urbanization

  9. Urbanization meant that many people shifted from being producers to being consumers • ie. if you move to the city and you no longer grow crops, you have to use your money to buy your own food and pay rent • This led to new social problems (eg. poor housing, poverty, unsanitary conditions, crowding, etc.) and forced entire families to work under poor conditions with no job security • Social thinkers began to try to understand how and why society was changing…

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