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Disease causing viruses

This entry explores the fundamental aspects of viruses, including their structure and reproductive processes. Unlike cells, viruses consist of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat. They require living cells to replicate, utilizing the host's enzymes and ribosomes. The entry also contrasts viruses with bacteria, highlighting key differences in treatment and examples of diseases caused by each. Additionally, it covers aspects of immunity, including active and passive immunity, as well as innate and learned behaviors in animals that enhance survival and reproduction.

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Disease causing viruses

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  1. Disease causing viruses VIRUS STRUCTURE Viral reproduction Virus can’t reproduce unless it is inside a living cell The virus uses the cells enzymes and ribosomes to make DNA and protein New viruses either bud off of the cell or the cell bursts, releasing lots of viruses • A virus is not made of cells • It is nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by protein coat (Capsid)

  2. BACTERIA vs VIRUSES Bacteria Virus Not made of cells MUCH SMALLER THAN CELLS Can’t be killed by antibiotics Example of diseases caused by viruses are AIDS (HIV), Smallpox, Influenza • Made of cells • Can be killed by antibiotics • Examples of disease caused by bacteria is strep throat

  3. Internal and external factors in disease

  4. IMMUNITY

  5. PASSIVE vs. ACTIVE immunity Passive immunity ACTIVE IMMUNITY Person DOES make antibodies AND memory cells Provides long term immunity Natural: you have disease Artificial – you get a VACCINATION • Person does NOT make memory cells or antibodies • Antibodies only are transferred • Doesn’t provide long-term protection • Natural: from breastfeeding • Artificial: Rabies “shot”

  6. Behavioral Adaptations Behavior is any thing an animal DOES. Animal behaviors also help animals survive and/or reproduce.

  7. Innate Behavior • Innate behavior is also called inborn behavior. • It is programmed in DNA • Innate behaviors include reflexes and instincts • Examples • human suckling. • spiders spinning webs • Migration: birds flying south for the winter • Hibernation – dormant when cold • Estivation – dormant when hot

  8. Learned Behavior

  9. Social behavior

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