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This guide offers a clear overview of identifying and retrieving online legal documents. It covers legal citation rules from leading institutions like Harvard, Yale, Columbia, and Penn, emphasizing the importance of the "Bluebook" citation style. Key elements of citations—including title, publication info, and date—are explained in detail. The guide also provides practical examples and resources, such as Google Scholar and specific legal databases, enabling effective access to federal and state laws, court decisions, and legal journals.
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Identifying and Retrieving Online Documents with a Citation • Legal Citation rules are different • Courtesy of Harvard, Yale, Columbia and Penn • The “Bluebook” A Uniform System of Citation • Citation basics • Three elements: Title info; publication info; date info • Publication Info is what is usually thought of as the “citation” – where can this document be found? • Publication info also has three elements • Volume/Title • Document/Publication • page/section • Rules were developed in/for the world of print
Examples • Court decision: Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 • Court decision: Tripoli v. BATFE, 437 F.3d. 75 • Court decision: Comm v. Dowling, 511 Pa. 28, 511 A.2d. 792 • United States Code: 42 U.S.C. § 1983 • Pennsylvania Statute: 18 Pa. C. S. A. § 3929.1 • U.S. Code of Federal Regulations: 27 CFR 555.29 • PA Admin Code: Pa Code §137.1 • Court Rules: Fed R. Civ. P 12(b); PA R. Civ.P. 51 • Legal Journals (continuous pagination): Author, Title, 61 U. Pitt L.R. 819 (year) • Legal Journals (issue pagination) Author, Title, Information Today, Sept 2010, at 17.
How to find them • Most primary law from the last 15 years is available on the Internet • It’s OK to Google • Citation is best • Case name may work • Beware the Deep Web • Google Scholar -Legal Opinions and Journals
Specific Locations:Federal Primary Law • Statutes, Codes, Legislation • GPO Access: Public Laws, U.S. Code • Cornell Univ Legal Information Institute: Constitution, U.S. Code • Thomas from Library of Congress: Legislation • Court decisions • U.S. Supreme Court • Third Circuit Court of Appeals • Western District of PA • Other federal courts • Other resources • Google Scholar • LexisOne • PACER • Court rules • LLRX.com • Court Websites • Administrative Rules and Regulations • GPO Access: CFR and Federal Register • Agency Websites
Specific Websites: State Primary Law • Statutes, Codes, Legislation • PA Session Laws • “Purdons” PA Statutes • PA Legislature • Local Ordinances • Pittsburgh • Philadelphia • Others • Court decisions • PA Supreme, Commonwealth, Superior Courts • Local courts • Local Dockets • Court Rules • Administrative Rules and Regulations • PA Bulletin • PA Administrative Code
Secondary Sources • Self-help resources • PA Law Help • Nolo • Findlaw • Professional resources • Scholarly resources • Research guides • Barco Law Library: Pennsylvania Law • Duquesne Law Library Legal Research Guides