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Membranes and Proteins

This overview explores the structure and significance of cell membranes, focusing on the phospholipid bilayer and various membrane proteins, including receptor proteins, enzymes, and transport proteins. By examining the hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers, we illuminate why the bilayer is essential for cellular integrity and function. Additionally, we discuss specific examples of membrane proteins that play vital roles in cellular communication, transport, and enzymatic activities. Resources for further exploration, including free protein databases and visualization software, are also provided.

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Membranes and Proteins

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  1. Membranes and Proteins Matthew Sender Scientists as Teachers, Teachers as Scientists NSF GK12- Award # 0841377

  2. Cell Membrane • Phospholipid bilayer Lipid Phospho Layer 1 Layer 2 Two layers = bilayer

  3. Why bother with two layers? Water loving (hydrophilic) outside Water fearing (hydrophobic) inside Fears water Loves water Layer 1 Layer 2

  4. Membrane Proteins • P60+61 in your book • Cell Surface Marker • Receptor Protein • Enzyme • Transport Protein http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fluid_Mosaic.svg

  5. Membrane Proteins- Cell Surface Marker What blood type are you? Extracellular DOI:10.2210/pdb2edo/pdb

  6. Membrane Proteins- Receptor Protein Acetylcholine Receptor Extracellular Intracellular Do you like to move your muscles? 10.2210/pdb2bg9/pdb

  7. Receives a special molecule Opens the closed gate Extracellular End Intracellular End 10.2210/pdb2bg9/pdb

  8. Membrane Proteins- Enzyme Angiotensin II Makes a molecule that increases blood pressure

  9. Membrane Proteins- Transport Side View Top down When open allows sugars, salts, and amino acids to pass DOI:10.2210/pdb2jqy/pdb

  10. Summary • Proteins play a large role in the function of cells (therefore our lives) • Different types of protein structures have different functions • Small examples given there are many thousands of proteins in nature

  11. Protein Database Protein files are available for free at http://www.pdb.org/pdb/home/home.do I visualize them and make pictures of them using the software Chimera (free for academic use) http://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/chimera/download.html

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