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Foreign Relations Under GW

Explore early US foreign relations under President George Washington, focusing on interactions with Native Americans, the French Revolution, neutrality stance, Jay Treaty, Pinckney's Treaty, and GW's farewell address.

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Foreign Relations Under GW

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  1. Foreign Relations Under GW Sasso US I

  2. The Native Americans • First “foreign” issue may actually be a domestic one • US settlers begin moving out into Western territories at a quick pace • Native Americans will naturally want to defend their new territories • Get a lot of encouragement from both the English and Spanish • Other nations have little regard for the new US govt; Why should Natives?

  3. The Native Americans • Certain tribes south of the Ohio River will come to peaceful settlements with the US, like the Cherokee, Chickamauga, and Creek • This allows areas like Kentucky (1792)and Tennessee (1796) to be settled • The tribes of the Northwest will not be nearly as peaceful • Battles between the Natives and Americans will rage well into the next century

  4. True Foreign Relations • GW’s presidency is very difficult • Never easy to go first; there’s no model to fall back on • Becomes the standard bearer • He will be placed in some very difficult situations

  5. Foreign Relations • Within a few months of GW’s inauguration the French Revolution will break out • It’s a very popular event amongst American citizens • The support of the French is coupled with a deep hate for England • Expectation is that we will participate in some way on behalf of the French

  6. Foreign Relations • Getting involved in the French Rev would be a bad idea • We are not in a position to help out physically or financially • GW will keep the US out of it • This will not sit very well with France, or with many American citizens

  7. Foreign Relations • A civil war is not France's only issue • It’s also dealing with some major problems with the English • England and France will go to war in 1793 • This is going to put us in a very difficult spot

  8. What options do we have? Side with France • France will expect help from the US • They gave us a ton of assistance during the Revolution • Money • Troops • Navy • They aren’t even asking for that much into return; just want the use of ports and some troops • Wouldn’t necessarily be “siding” with England • In terms of politics, we are still anti-England • However, ¾ of our trade is with England • Most of our taxes are collected off of English products • England’s navy could shut down our trade Side with England

  9. GW’s decision • GW will issue a Proclamation of Neutrality • All cabinet members will agree (though TJ is not happy) • Really comes down to Hamilton-Jefferson again (TJ- in favor of French, AH- England) • GW- “The United States will be friendly and impartial” • Warns that Americans helping either side would be denied the protection of the government

  10. Issues • This is not well received by the American people • GW’s decision gets coupled with the arrival of Frenchman Edmund Genet • He is here under the premise of recruiting troops • He is very popular with the American people, but not so well received by the govt. • His actions nearly endanger the concept of neutrality

  11. Issues • England will test us out as well • After war breaks out, they issue a series of orders preventing neutral ships from trading in the West Indies, or carrying weapons/food to France • That’s a big part of our trade • England begins seizing US trade vessels • That’s pretty aggressive; big time provocation/instigation • Hamilton will plead for peace efforts

  12. Jay Treaty • John Jay will be sent to England • Objective: payment for assaulted US ships, withdrawal of British troops, end Indian aid, secure commercial treaty • Hamilton actually hosed him on this one • Treaty is not favorable, but it avoids a war • Ultimately the treaty provides for England evacuating it’s forts (again), and limited US trade • Not well received at home

  13. Pinckney’s Treaty • Spain will be upset with the Jay Treaty as well • Thought there may have been a side deal cut • Thomas Pinckney will be sent to deal with some longstanding issues between the two nations • This works out well • We receive free navigation of the MS River, right of deposit in New Orleans, and the US idea of Florida’s boundaries

  14. GW’s Farewell • By the end of his second term, GW had had enough • Had become very sensitive to criticism, and was criticized a lot • Lost some of TJ’s support; TJresigned from the cabinet in 1793 • Address- stay out of foreign affairs, avoid political parties

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