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Understanding Computer Systems: Hardware and Software Fundamentals

This comprehensive guide, created by Shivani Sewbaran, provides an in-depth overview of computer systems, detailing the essential components of hardware and software. Learn about the role of the motherboard, CPU, memory types (RAM and ROM), and storage solutions like hard disks. Discover what computers can do, including receiving, processing, storing, and sending information. Explore the various input and output devices and understand how these elements work together to create a functional system. Perfect for beginners seeking foundational knowledge.

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Understanding Computer Systems: Hardware and Software Fundamentals

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  1. Diploma Foundations & Foundations Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  2. WHAT IS A COMPUTER? • A computer system is a group of devicesأجهزه(called hardwareمعدات أو أدوات ملموسه) ) that together with a set of instructionsتعليمات(called software برامج ), perform functionsيعمل شيئاً حتى الإنجاز. Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  3. The Computer system Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  4. HARDWARE Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  5. OTHER TYPES OF HARDWARE SCANNER SPEAKERS PRINTERS INTERNAL MODEM JOYSTICK HEADPHONES LIGHT PEN Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  6. SOFTWARE Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  7. OTHER TYPES OF SOFTWARE Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  8. WHAT CAN A COMPUTER DO? • It receives raw dataمعلومات from an input deviceالإدخالمعدات(e.g. a keyboard) • It processes information into readable language (e.g. CPU) • It stores processed information (e.g. a disk) • It sends the data to an output device معداتالإخراج(e.g. a printer) Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  9. HOW A COMPUTER WORKS Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  10. THE MOTHER BOARD • The motherboard holds the other parts of the computer together. • The ROM chips, RAM chips, and CPU are all attached to the motherboard. Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  11. The CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) • Is the brain of the computer. • It is the computer processor found on the motherboard. • It processes (changes) all data into information and does calculations. Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  12. MAIN MEMORY Refers to memory that is found inside the computer. • RAM (RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY) • This memory is temporary. • Information is lost when power is switched off. • ROM (READ ONLY MEMORY) • ROM is permanent memory. E.g. Music CD’s, DVD’s • Data can only be read and not written over. Created by Shivani Sewbaran

  13. HARD DISK • The hard disk stores data and programs for long-term use. • The computer stores data and programs in the hard disk while power is switched off. Created by Shivani Sewbaran

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