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Human Dimensions of Urban Ecology

Human Dimensions of Urban Ecology. Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D. Research Social Scientist U of WA - Forest Resources. Urban Ecology biophysical complexity psychosocial complexity. EarthCorps. What Are “ Human Dimensions? ”. social benefits & impacts of resource non-market values

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Human Dimensions of Urban Ecology

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  1. Human Dimensionsof Urban Ecology Kathleen L. Wolf, Ph.D. Research Social Scientist U of WA - Forest Resources

  2. Urban Ecologybiophysical complexity psychosocial complexity EarthCorps

  3. What Are “Human Dimensions?” • social benefits & impacts of resource • non-market values • community economics • planning, policy & decision making • stakeholder(s) values • user(s) conflicts • cultural/environmental justice • perceptions, values & attitudes

  4. Social ScienceDisciplines • psychology • social psychology • sociology • economics • political science • anthropology • geography

  5. Why is this Important? • urban sustainability • understand ecosystems functions & benefits for society • comprehensive systems, not site-by-site • implementation & commitment

  6. model of person/ecosystem interaction eco-origin “native nature” human experience “active experience” “passive experience” “constructed nature”

  7. Eco-Originnative nature to constructed nature Pierce County, Chambers Creek Properties

  8. urban forests? PNW lowland forests

  9. urban forests

  10. Central WA U plaza

  11. Central WA U plaza

  12. REI retail, Seattle

  13. Pierce County WA, Chambers Creek Properties

  14. Pierce County WA, Chambers Creek Properties - 4 year growth

  15. stormwater management Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

  16. vertical forest structure

  17. roofs & structures

  18. City of Chicago, City Hall roof gardens/ecosystems

  19. Nashville, mixed use bldg roof gardens/ecosystems

  20. High Line Railway - W Manhattan

  21. High Line

  22. Friends of the High Line

  23. model of person/ecosystem interaction eco-origin “native nature” human experience “active experience” “passive experience” “constructed nature”

  24. Human Experiencepassive to active Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore “civic ecology”

  25. passive experiences of urban nature

  26. community gardens Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

  27. Psychological Benefits of Nearby Nature • Higher job satisfaction, reduced absenteeism (R. Kaplan) • Lower crime rates in well landscaped areas (Kuo, Sullivan) • Reduced violence and more constructive conflict resolution in domestic conflict (Kuo, Sullivan) • Reduced ADHD symptoms in children (Faber Taylor, Kuo)

  28. recreational tree climbing - Japan

  29. nearby nature for all 20

  30. Health & Well Being • Improved surgery and illness recovery (Ulrich) • Stress reduction in urban lifestyles (Ulrich) • Reduced driving stress response & frustration (Parsons et al., Nasar) • Improved community walkability, lower BMI • (UW Urban Eco, Naderi et al.)

  31. Physical Activity & ObesityNature and Walkable Places majority of Americans not active enough goal-30 minutes per day of moderate activity risk factor for chronic diseases (heart, stroke, cancer, diabetes) significant costs to national health services 310-580,000 deaths per year $100 annual billion medical costs (1995) 9.4% of all U.S. medical costs

  32. Obesity Trends* Among U.S. Adults2004 (*BMI ≥30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’ 4” person) Doubling of adult obesity rate since 1980. No Data <10% 10%–14% 15%–19% 20%–24% ≥25% 15

  33. www.lhhl.uiuc.edu

  34. parks, open spaces & trails

  35. eco-restoration volunteers/employees - eco-literacy physical activity EarthCorps

  36. nature recovery & schools Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

  37. nature recovery & schools Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

  38. first phase - reading circle Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

  39. nature recovery & schools Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore

  40. Parks & People Foundation, Baltimore planning skills & efficacy school asphalt recovery

  41. community gardens - renewal

  42. “3rd place”& social cohesion

  43. natural & social capital

  44. Why is this important?individuals eco-origin native human experience • nature & human functioning • public health & welfare • transferable knowledge & skills, youth • engaged in sustainability active passive constructed

  45. Why is this important?communities eco-origin native human experience • vibrant, livable cities & towns • environmental services • human services across communities • democracy & security through civic engagement active passive constructed Wangari Maathai 2004 Nobel Peace Prize

  46. www.cfr.washington.edu/research.envmind

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