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Chapter 2: Egypt

Chapter 2: Egypt. Paragraph 2.1. An urban society. The people in Egypt needed the Nile for the futile soil and flourishing agriculture . It starts in a delta: shape of a Δ (=delta) Egypt was formed in 2 countries : Lower and Upper Egypt. The miracle of the Nile.

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Chapter 2: Egypt

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  1. Chapter 2: Egypt Paragraph 2.1

  2. An urban society • The people in Egypt needed the Nile for the futilesoilandflourishingagriculture. • It starts in a delta: shape of a Δ (=delta) • Egypt was formed in 2 countries: LowerandUpper Egypt.

  3. The miracle of the Nile • Everyyear the Nile woodflood. • In summer: bothbankswould overflow, covered in water. • The water wouldrecede (=wegvloeien) and a layer of fertilesoil was left on the fields. • The farmers cansowgrain in thissoil. • Next season: harvesting, justbefore the new flood.

  4. Miracle • People thought is was miracle, but actually: • It wad causedby heavy rainfall in Ethiopia. • But the Ergyptiansdidn’tknowthat. • Theythought the godsdidthis.

  5. Irrigating the land. • To keep the water of the flood as long as possible, the farmers built dams, pondsandcanals. • Theyused a shadoof, to scoop the water onto the fields. • The fieldswere full of plants of grainandflax. • (graan en lijnzaad)

  6. Fields • The famerswouldalsogrowfruitsandvegetables, likeonions, asparagus, lettuce, applesandgrapes. • Theyalsopickedstems of the papyrus plant along the Nile, like reed, to make mats and paper.

  7. Crafts • The farmers producedsomuch food, thatnoteveryone was needed as a farmer. • The agricultural surplus (what’stoomuch) enabledpeopleto do other jobs. • Theycanspecialise in othercrafts, likepottery, making clothes or tools. • Small villagesstartedwith farmers andcraftsmen.

  8. Trade • Farmers andcraftsmensoldtheirproducts on a market. • Theydidn’t have money yet. • Theybartered! (= ruilen) • The markers were close to the Nile, becausethat is whereeverybodylived.

  9. Nile • The river was usedfor: • Flooding the land • Transport of goods • Water andfishing.

  10. Trade • After a whilesomepeoplebecamereallygood at bartering, andthey made thistheir job: • Merchants! • Theylived of trade. • Theybrought the tradebybartertootherareas.

  11. Otherareas: • Egypt tradedwith: • South: Ivory, ebonyandincense. • East coastMeditearranean Sea: Timberand tin. • And Greece!

  12. Living andworking in the city • Egypt had a growingeconomy. • More peoplestrated living as merchantsandcraftsmen. • There was muchprosperity. • An agricultural-urban society arose: • Living of agricultureándtrade!

  13. The end

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