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1945-67

1945-67. Topic 2 Newfoundland Topic 3 Resource boom. Topic 2 - Newfoundland. Originally inhabited by First Nations Peoples Beothuks Innu First European discovery was by the Norsemen around 1000 CE Later discovered by John Cabot in 1497 A seafaring colony of GB Cod fisheries.

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1945-67

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  1. 1945-67 Topic 2 Newfoundland Topic 3 Resource boom

  2. Topic 2 - Newfoundland

  3. Originally inhabited by First Nations Peoples Beothuks Innu First European discovery was by the Norsemen around 1000 CE Later discovered by John Cabot in 1497 A seafaring colony of GB Cod fisheries Newfoundland – brief history

  4. NFL remained a colony of Britain in 1867. It did not join the Canadian confederacy Became the Dominion of Newfoundland in 1907-1949 Great Depression – the Dominion of Newfoundland was bankrupt Asked Britain for help Britain established a government commission and took control of NFL finances Back to colony-like status Newfoundland History continued

  5. The Problem • Newfoundland, although proving to be of strategic importance during WW2 is afraid it will loose its independence and become a colony of Britain • Problem: How does it prevent itself from falling to economic ruin

  6. Newfoundland - Solutions Newfoundland had 3 options. The people of Newfoundland would have to choose • Newfoundland could become an independent nation “responsible self-government” • Newfoundland could continue under British rule • Britain no-longer wants to be responsible for it • Britain burdened with rebuilding after WW2. Can’t afford to be responsible for Newfoundland as well • Newfoundland could join Canada

  7. Referendum #1 People of Newfoundland voted on all 3 options No single option received a majority vote Re-vote Referendum #2 People of Newfoundland voted on 2 options: Self-government or union with Canada Referendums

  8. The Campaign • Union with Canada was spearheaded by Joey Smallwood • Island “responsible self-government” lead by Anti-confederates and merchants

  9. Those in the out-posts, fisheries, loggers and miners voted with Joey Smallwood for confederation with Canada Wanted financial security and stability The Merchants voted for “responsible self-government” Feared the market might move Referendum Results

  10. 52% of Islanders favoured joining Canada 48% of islanders were for responsible self-government April 1, 1949 Newfoundland became Canada’s 10th province and Joey Smallwood became Canada’s last father of confederation Joey Smallwood first premier of Newfoundland Referendum Results – March 31, 1949

  11. Topic 3 Resources To Meet American Demand

  12. Natural Resources and mega projects CANDU reactors Nuclear power Oil and gas Lumber, pulp and paper Natural Resources Hydro electric • Mega-projects • Pipeline • St. Lawrence Seaway • Hydro-electric dam Mining and aggregates Metals / minerals

  13. Discovery of oil in Leduc Alberta, 1947 Mining – fueling the American demand for wood, coal, iron, aluminum and copper Resources

  14. Lumber – feeding American demand Nuclear power – CANDU Reactor Resources continued

  15. Resources • So how do we move these resources? • Ship – St. Lawrence Seaway • Rail • Pipeline • Highway – Trans Canada Highway

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