1 / 19

Building Persuasive Arguments

Building Persuasive Arguments. C H A P T E R 9 . Presentation Overview. What is Persuasion? How Do You Build an Argument?. What Is Persuasion?. Persuasion is the process of convincing others to act in a certain way or to accept a viewpoint. .

tawny
Télécharger la présentation

Building Persuasive Arguments

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Building Persuasive Arguments C H A P T E R 9

  2. Presentation Overview • What is Persuasion? • How Do You Build an Argument?

  3. What Is Persuasion? Persuasion is the process of convincing others to act in a certain way or to accept a viewpoint.

  4. How Do You Build an Argument? • Identify your desired outcome. • Consider the constraints that may impact your audience. • Structure the argument. • Decide on the appropriate medium for presenting your argument.

  5. Identify Your Desired Outcome Your desired outcome is what you want to achieve:

  6. Consider the Constraints that May Impact Your Audience • Audience constraints • Workplace constraints

  7. Audience Constraints Determine by asking: • Are your audience members internal or external? Where are they in the organizational hierarchy? • Do you have a relationship with the audience? And if so, is it a positive or negative one? • How familiar are they with the topic?

  8. Workplace Constraints Determine by asking: • How much time and money is budgeted to achieve the outcome? • Is the outcome and the means for achieving it legal? • Is the outcome and the means for achieving it ethical? • What is the political climate at your workplace? Is it likely that your idea will be rejected? Has the idea already been proposed by someone else and rejected?

  9. Structure the Argument

  10. The Claim The claim is your desired outcome. ExampleOur agency needs to purchase 11 six-tier, open-shelf files for the medical records department to replace 15 five-drawer file cabinets. Downloaded from the World Wide Web, May 1, 2009: http://osulibrary.orst.edu/archives/handbook/chapter2/filing.html

  11. The Evidence Evidence is information used to support the claim: • Facts • Statistics • Examples • Expert testimony

  12. Facts A fact can be observed, demonstrated, or measured. ExampleThe file cabinets take up most of the space in the department, leaving no room for expansion. The drawers have become so overfilled that they do not close completely and are unsteady. An employee recently suffered injuries when she was pinned beneath a falling cabinet.

  13. Statistics Statistics are numerical data. ExampleOne six-tier, open-shelf file is equal to eight drawers. Efficiency rating = floor space of filing system (including access space) linear-filing feet capacity A higher number indicates greater efficiency. A five-drawer file cabinet has an efficiency rating of 0.84, while a six-tier, open-shelf file has an efficiency rating of 1.81 (OSU Archives).

  14. Examples Examples help audiences • visualize abstract information • remember your arguments • identify with your arguments Example (of an example) Judy Peters has been working in the medical records department for five years now as a clerk. She is frustrated by the fact that she wastes a few hours every day retrieving and returning files from/to crammed file cabinets. For the past two months, she has had to work overtime each week to complete her duties.

  15. Expert Testimony As long as it is unbiased, expert testimony can lend your argument credibility. Example Caring Hearts Home Care in nearby Clover Springs recently upgraded to an open-shelf filing system. One of their medical records clerks claims, “The shelves have given us so much more office space; this has sped up the filing process. They also help our office stay better organized. We don’t misplace as many files anymore.”

  16. The Appeal The appeal consists of all the reasons why the audience should accept the claim. Types of appeals include • appealing to shared goals and values • appealing to common sense • appealing by recognizing the opposing viewpoint/evidence • appealing to the audiences’ emotion

  17. The Appeal Examples • Appealing to shared goals and values: An open-shelf filing system would save space, increase efficiency (thereby decreasing overtime), and improve organization. • Appealing to common sense: Without all the overfilled, unsteady drawers, the new system would obviously be safer. • Appealing by recognizing the opposing viewpoint/evidence: The new system would be expensive. However, by eliminating one of the primary causes for overtime, we could recoup this expense. And as we bring in new clients, we would have the room to store their files. • Appealing to the audience’s emotions: Employees like Judy are frustrated with the file cabinet situation and need a new system to help them do their jobs.

  18. Decide on the Appropriate Medium for Presenting Your Argument • Will you present it orally? • Will you present it in writing? If so, what format will you use?

  19. Questions?

More Related