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Understanding Olber's Paradox and the Nature of Cosmic Expansion

This article explores Olber's Paradox within the framework of the uniform expansion of the universe. We examine the principles of cosmological redshift, homogeneity, isotropy, and the distribution of galaxies in curved space. By discussing the criteria that determine whether the universe is flat, open, or closed, it highlights the importance of dark matter and its candidates, like MACHOs and WIMPs. Additionally, we provide insights on cosmic microwave background radiation and the unification of forces, offering a comprehensive overview of cosmic history from creation to the accelerating expansion of the universe.

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Understanding Olber's Paradox and the Nature of Cosmic Expansion

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Olber’s Paradox

  2. Uniform Expansion

  3. Cosmological Redshift

  4. Expansion Redshift

  5. Cosmological Principle • Universality – The laws of nature are the same everywhere • Homogeneity – The distribution of matter and energy is uniform at the largest scales • Isotropy – The distribution of matter and energy is the same in every direction

  6. Homogeneous and Isotropic ?

  7. Distribution of Galaxies

  8. Curved ant space

  9. Geodesics (great circles)

  10. Great Circles

  11. Open, Closed and Flat Spaces

  12. Dark Matter • Whether our universe is closed, open or flat is determined by the density of matter and energy. • Supercritical Density – Closed Universe • Critical Density – Flat Universe • Subcritical Density – Open Universe • Universe appears close to flat but density of luminous matter is no where near critical

  13. Dark Matter Candidates • MACHO – Massive And Compact Halo Objects – lots of mini black holes everywhere • WIMP – Weakly Interacting Massive Particles – massive neutrinos or undiscovered particles

  14. Three possible Histories

  15. Accelerating Expansion

  16. Thermal History

  17. A brief History

  18. Temperature v. Time

  19. Unification of Forces

  20. Era of creation/annihilation

  21. Helium Synthesis

  22. He synthesis in detail

  23. Recombination(cosmic microwave background)

  24. Cosmic Microwave Background

  25. CMB temp (0 to 4 K)

  26. CMB temp (2.724 to 2.732 K)

  27. CMB temp (2.7279 to 2.7281 K)peculiar motion subtracted

  28. Why is CMB uniform ?

  29. Causal Connection

  30. Inflation

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