1 / 18

Globalization

Globalization. A contested phenomenon Political, economic, social, cultural, historical dimensions. Historical background. The Roman empire The Middle Ages Pre-WWI period. In search of a consensus. Idealist approach: identity, ideology, invention as some of the chief causes

tbartholomew
Télécharger la présentation

Globalization

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Globalization A contested phenomenon Political, economic, social, cultural, historical dimensions

  2. Historical background • The Roman empire • The Middle Ages • Pre-WWI period

  3. In search of a consensus • Idealist approach: identity, ideology, invention as some of the chief causes • Resulting theories: social constructivism, postmodernism, postcolonialism

  4. Still searching • Materialist approach: production, technology, laws, institutions • Theories: liberalism, political realism, social ecology

  5. Further methodological approaches • Individualist vs structuralist understanding of globalization • Social actors (businesspeople,officials, politicians) decisive? • Social forces/social order (capitalism, state systems, nationalism) decisive?

  6. Knowledge • Objectivist position: (politically) neutral knowledge • Subjectivist position: knowledge emanating from the experience of the researcher • Scholte attempts to reach a compromise in all of the above cases

  7. Analytical Framework • These preliminary reflections provide a necessary set of starting premises leading to a series of attempts at defining globalization

  8. Definitions • Circulation of people, goods, capital, ideas • Accepting the vagueness of the concept?

  9. (Failed) attempts at defining globalization:Internationalization - mainly transactions between states - border-crossing activities: global same as international? Continuity?

  10. Liberalization • - removing constraints; abolishing regulatory movements; • Critics: increasing poverty, inequality, ecological damage; • - anti-globalization movement opposing neoliberalism

  11. Universalization • - spreading products, experiences, ideas, values round the world • Resulting in standardization, homogenization • - earlier instances? ”global prehistory”; world religions; transoceanic trade

  12. Westernization • Universalization on Western terms: interpreted as colonization, Americanization • Modernization • Counter-examples: Buddhist/Confucian/Islamist globalizations

  13. A fifth attempt • Globalization referring to a ”shift in the nature of social space” • Globalization as ”growing transplanetary connectivity”

  14. New features • Transplanetary connectivity leading to supraterritoriality (transnational instead of international dimension) • ”transworld simultaneity/instantaneity” (3000 cups of Nescafé supposedly being drunk round the planet every second) • Reconfiguration of space

  15. The changing nature of territorialism • Methodological territorialism: economics, politics, literature being perceived in terms of national-territorial frameworks • Non-territorialist premises • Post-territorialist premises

  16. Examples of globality • Fields • Activities • Inadvertent effects

  17. Opposites coexisting • Territorial social space not excluding supraterritorial social space • The local not excluding the global (and the other way round) • Social space: ”an interrelation of spheres within a whole”.

  18. Multiple globalizations • Competing (political) interests and values • Understanding globalization ”as a respatialization of social life”

More Related