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Chapter 1 (BEGINNINGS-1700)

Chapter 1 (BEGINNINGS-1700). Chapter 1 (BEGINNINGS-1700). C1S1 The Earliest Americans. Main Ideas Climate changes allowed people to migrate to the Americas. Early Societies existed in North America. Cultures in North America were influenced by the environment. The Big Idea

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Chapter 1 (BEGINNINGS-1700)

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  1. Chapter 1 (BEGINNINGS-1700)

  2. Chapter 1 (BEGINNINGS-1700) C1S1 The Earliest Americans • Main Ideas • Climate changes allowed people to migrate to the Americas. • Early Societies existed in North America. • Cultures in North America were influenced by the environment. The Big Idea Native American societies developed across Mesoamerica and North America.

  3. Chapter 1 (BEGINNINGS-1700) C1S2 The Age of Exploration • Main Ideas • Economic growth in Europe led to new ways of thinking. • Trade with Africa and Asia led to a growing interest in exploration. • Many European nations rushed to explore the Americas. • The Columbian Exchange affected the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Europe. The Big Idea As trade routes developed across the globe, European explorers crossed the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.

  4. Chapter 1 (BEGINNINGS-1700) C1S3 Spanish America • Main Ideas • Spanish armies explored and conquered much of the Americas. • 2. Spain used a variety of ways to govern its empire in the Americas. The Big Idea Spain established an empire in the Americas.

  5. Chapter 1 (BEGINNINGS-1700) C1S4 The Race for Empires • Main Ideas • The Protestant Reformation led to conflict in Europe in the 1500s. • Conflict between Spain and England affected settlement of North America. • European nations raced to establish empires in North America. The Big Idea Other European nations challenged Spain in the Americas.

  6. Chapter 2 - The English Colonies (1605-1774)

  7. Chapter 2 The English Colonies (1605-1774) C2S1 The Southern Colonies • Main Ideas • The settlement in Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement in America. • Daily life in Virginia was challenging to the colonists. • Religious freedom and economic opportunities were motives for founding other southern colonies, including Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia. • Farming and slavery were important to the economies of the southern colonies. The Big Idea Despite a difficult beginning, the southern colonies soon flourished.

  8. Chapter 2 The English Colonies (1605-1774) C2S2 The New England Colonies • Main Ideas • The Pilgrims and Puritans came to America to avoid religious persecution. • Religion and government were closely linked in the New England colonies. • The New England economy was based on trade and farming. • Education was important in the New England colonies. The Big Idea English colonists traveled to New England to gain religious freedom.

  9. Chapter 2 The English Colonies (1605-1774) C2S3 The Middle Colonies • Main Ideas • The English created New York, and New Jersey from former Dutch territory. • William Penn established the colony of Pennsylvania. • The economy of the middle colonies was supported by trade and staple crops. The Big Idea People from many nations settled in the middle colonies.

  10. Chapter 2 The English Colonies (1605-1774) C2S4 Life in the English Colonies • Main Ideas • Colonial governments were influenced by political changes in England. • English trade laws limited free trade in the colonies. • The Great Awakening and the Enlightenment led to ideas of political equality among many colonists. • The French and Indian War gave England control of more land in North America. The Big Idea The English colonies continued to grow despite many challenges.

  11. Chapter 2 The English Colonies (1605-1774) C2S5 Life in the English Colonies • Main Ideas • British efforts to raise taxes on colonists sparked protest. • The Boston Massacre caused colonial resentment toward Great Britain. • Colonists protested the British tax on tea with the Boston Tea Party. • Great Britain responded to colonial actions by passing the Intolerable Acts. The Big Idea Tensions developed as the British government placed tax after tax on the colonies.

  12. Chapter 3 - The American Revolution (1774-1783)

  13. Chapter 3 - The American Revolution (1774-1783) C3S1 The Revolution Begins • Main Ideas • The First Continental Congress demanded certain rights from Great Britain. • Armed conflict between British soldiers and colonists broke out with the “shot heard ‘round the world.” • The Second Continental Congress created the Continental Army to fight the British. The Big Idea The tensions between the colonies and Great Britain led to armed conflict.

  14. Chapter 3 - The American Revolution (1774-1783) C3S2 Declaring Independence • Main Ideas • Thomas Paine’s Common Sense led many colonists to support independence. • 2. Colonists had differing reactions to the Declaration of Independence. The Big Idea The colonies formally declared their independence from Great Britain.

  15. Chapter 3 - The American Revolution (1774-1783) C3S3 Patriots Gain New Hope • Main Ideas • Many Americans contributed to the war effort. • Despite early defeats by Britain, the Patriots claimed some victories. • Saratoga was a turning point in the war. • The winter at Valley Forge tested the strength of Patriot forces. • The war continued at sea and in the West. The Big Idea Patriot forces faced many obstacles in the war against Britain.

  16. Chapter 3 - The American Revolution (1774-1783) C3S4 Independence! • Main Ideas • Patriot forces faced many problems in the war in the South. • The American Patriots finally defeated the British at the Battle of Yorktown. • The British and the Americans officially ended the war with the Treaty of Paris of 1783. The Big Idea The war spread to the South, where the British were finally defeated.

  17. Chapter 4 - Forming a Government (1777-1791)

  18. Chapter 4 - Forming a Government (1777-1791) C4S1 The Articles of Confederation • Main Ideas • The American people examined many ideas about government. • The Articles of Confederation laid the base for the first national government of the United States. • The Confederation Congress established the Northwest Territory. The Big Idea The Articles of Confederation provided a framework for a national government.

  19. Chapter 4 - Forming a Government (1777-1791) C4S2 The New Nation Faces Challenges • Main Ideas • The United States had difficulties with other nations. • Internal economic problems plagued the new nation. • Shays’s Rebellion pointed out weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation. • Many Americans called for changes in the national government. The Big Idea Problems faced by the young nation made it clear that a new constitution was needed.

  20. Chapter 4 - Forming a Government (1777-1791) C4S3 Creating the Constitution • Main Ideas • The Constitutional Convention met to improve the government of the United States. • The issue of representation led to the Great Compromise. • Regional debate over slavery led to the Three-Fifths Compromise. • The U.S. Constitution created federalism and a balance of power. The Big Idea A new constitution provided a framework for a stronger national government.

  21. Chapter 4 - Forming a Government (1777-1791) C4S4 Ratifying the Constitution • Main Ideas • Federalists and Antifederalists engaged in debate over the new Constitution. • The Federalist Papers played an important role in the fight for ratification of the Constitution. • Ten amendments were added to the Constitution to provide a Bill of Rights to protect citizens. The Big Idea Americans carried on a vigorous debate before ratifying the Constitution.

  22. Chapter 5 - Citizenship and the Constitution (1787-PRESENT)

  23. Chapter 5 - Citizenship and the Constitution (1787-PRESENT) C5S1 Understanding the Constitution • Main Ideas • The framers of the Constitution devised the federal system. • The legislative branch makes the nations laws. • The executive branch enforces the nation’s laws. • The judicial branch determines whether or not laws are constitutional. The Big Idea The U.S. Constitution balances the powers of the federal government among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

  24. Chapter 5 - Citizenship and the Constitution (1787-PRESENT) C5S2 The Bill of Rights • Main Ideas • The First Amendment guarantees basic freedoms to individuals. • Other amendments focus on protecting citizens from certain abuses. • The rights of the accused are an important part of the Bill of Rights. • The rights of states and citizens are protected by the Bill of Rights. The Big Idea The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to define clearly the rights and freedoms of citizens.

  25. Chapter 5 - Citizenship and the Constitution (1787-PRESENT) C5S3 Rights and Responsibilities of Citizenship • Main Ideas • Citizenship in the United States is determined in several ways. • Citizens are expected to fulfill a number of important duties. • Active citizen involvement in government and the community is encouraged. The Big Idea American citizenship involves great privileges and serious responsibilities.

  26. Chapter 6 - Launching the Nation (1789-1800)

  27. Chapter 6 - Launching the Nation (1789-1800) C6S1 Washington Leads a New Nation • Main Ideas • In 1789 George Washington became the first president of the United States. • Congress and the president organized the executive and judicial branches of government. • Americans had high expectations of their own government. The Big Idea President Washington and members of Congress established a new national government.

  28. Chapter 6 - Launching the Nation (1789-1800) C6S2 Hamilton and National Finances • Main Ideas • Hamilton tackled the problem of settling national and state debt. • Thomas Jefferson opposed Hamilton’s views on government and the economy. • Hamilton created a national bank to strengthen the U.S. economy. The Big Idea Treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton developed a financial plan for the national government.

  29. Chapter 6 - Launching the Nation (1789-1800) C6S3 Challenges for the New Nation • Main Ideas • The United States tried to remain neutral regarding events in Europe. • The United States and Native Americans came into conflict in the Northwest Territory. • The Whiskey Rebellion tested Washington’s administration. • In his Farewell Address, Washington advised the nation. The Big Idea The United States faced significant foreign and domestic challenges under Washington.

  30. Chapter 6 - Launching the Nation (1789-1800) C6S4 John Adams’s Presidency • Main Ideas • The rise of political parties created competition in the election of 1796. • The XYZ affair caused problems for President John Adams. • Controversy broke out over the Alien and Sedition Acts. The Big Idea The development of political parties in the United States contributed to differing ideas about the role of the federal government.

  31. Chapter 7 - The Jefferson Era (1800-1815)

  32. Chapter 7 - The Jefferson Era (1800-1815) C7S1 Jefferson Becomes President • Main Ideas • The election of 1800 marked the first peaceful transition in power from one political party to another. • President Jefferson’s beliefs about the federal government were reflected in his policies. • Marbury v. Madison increased the power of the judicial branch of government. The Big Idea Thomas Jefferson’s election began a new era in America government.

  33. Chapter 7 - The Jefferson Era (1800-1815) C7S2 The Louisiana Purchase • Main Ideas • As American settlers moved West, control of the Mississippi River became more important to the United States. • The Louisiana Purchase almost doubled the size of the United States. • Expeditions led by Lewis, Clark, and Pike increased Americans’ understanding of the West. The Big Idea Under President Jefferson’s leadership, the United States added the Louisiana Territory.

  34. Chapter 7 - The Jefferson Era (1800-1815) C7S3 The Coming of War • Main Ideas • Violations of U.S. neutrality led Congress to enact a ban on trade. • Native Americans, Great Britain, and the United States came into conflict in the West. • The War Hawks led a growing call for war with Great Britain. The Big Idea Challenges at home and abroad led the United States to declare war on Great Britain.

  35. Chapter 7 - The Jefferson Era (1800-1815) C7S4 The War of 1812 • Main Ideas • American forces held their own against the British in the early battles of the war. • U.S. forces stopped British offensives in the East and South. • The effects of the war included prosperity and national pride. The Big Idea Great Britain and the United States went to battle in the War of 1812.

  36. Chapter 8 - A New National Identity (1812-1830)

  37. Chapter 8 - A New National Identity (1812-1830) C8S1 American Foreign Policy • Main Ideas • The United States and Great Britain settled disputes over boundaries and control of waterways. • The United States gained Florida in an agreement with Spain. • With the Monroe Doctrine, the United States strengthened its relationships with Latin America. The Big Idea The United States peacefully settled disputes with foreign powers.

  38. Chapter 8 - A New National Identity (1812-1830) C8S2 Nationalism and Sectionalism • Main Ideas • Growing nationalism led to improvements in the nation’s transportation systems. • The Missouri Compromise settled an important regional conflict. • The outcome of the election of 1824 led to controversy. The Big Idea A rising sense of national unity allowed some regional differences to be set aside and national interests to be served.

  39. Chapter 8 - A New National Identity (1812-1830) C8S3 American Culture • Main Ideas • American writers created a new style of literature. • A new style of art showcased the beauty of America and its people. • American ideals influenced other aspects of culture, including religion and music. • Architecture and education were affected by cultural ideals. The Big Idea As the United States grew, developments in many cultural areas contributed to the creation of a new American identity.

  40. Chapter 9 - The Age of Jackson (1828-1840)

  41. Chapter 9 - The Age of Jackson (1828-1840) C9S1 Jacksonian Democracy • Main Ideas • Democracy expanded in the 1820s as more Americans held the right to vote. • Jackson’s victory in the election of 1828 marked a change in American politics. The Big Idea The expansion of voting rights and the election of Andrew Jackson signaled the growing power of the American people.

  42. Chapter 9 - The Age of Jackson (1828-1840) C9S2 Jackson’s Administration • Main Ideas • Regional differences grew during Jackson’s presidency. • The rights of the states were debated amid arguments about a national tariff. • Jackson’s attack on the Bank sparked controversy. • Jackson’s policies led to the Panic of 1837. The Big Idea Andrew Jackson’s presidency was marked by political conflicts.

  43. Chapter 9 - The Age of Jackson (1828-1840) C9S3 Indian Removal • Main Ideas • The Indian Removal Act authorized the relocation of Native Americans to the West. • Cherokee resistance to removal led to disagreement between Jackson and the Supreme Court. • Other Native Americans resisted removal with force. The Big Idea President Jackson supported a policy of Indian removal.

  44. Chapter 10 - Expanding West (1800-1855)

  45. Chapter 10 - Expanding West (1800-1855) C10S1 Trails to the West • Main Ideas • During the early 1800s, Americans moved west of the Rocky Mountains to settle and trade. • The Mormons traveled west in search of religious freedom. The Big Idea The American West attracted a variety of settlers.

  46. Chapter 10 - Expanding West (1800-1855) C10S2 The Texas Revolution • Main Ideas • Many American settlers moved to Texas after Mexico achieved independence from Spain. • Texans revolted against Mexican rule and established an independent nation. The Big Idea In 1836, Texas gained its independence from Mexico.

  47. Chapter 10 - Expanding West (1800-1855) C10S3 The Mexican-American War • Main Ideas • Many Americans believed that the nation had a manifest destiny to claim lands in the West. • As a result of the Mexican-American War, the United States added territory in the Southwest. • American settlement in the Mexican Cession produced conflict and a blending of cultures. The Big Idea The ideals of manifest destiny and the outcome of the Mexican American War led to U.S. expansion to the Pacific Ocean.

  48. Chapter 10 - Expanding West (1800-1855) C10S4 The California Gold Rush • Main Ideas • The discovery of gold brought settlers to California. • The gold rush had a lasting impact on California’s population and economy. The Big Idea The California gold rush changed the future of the West.

  49. Chapter 11 - The North (1790-1860)

  50. Chapter 11 - The North (1790-1860) C11S1 The Industrial Revolution in America • Main Ideas • The invention of new machines in Great Britain led to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. • The development of new machines and processes brought the Industrial Revolution to the United States. • Despite a slow start in manufacturing, the United States made rapid improvements during the War of 1812. The Big Idea The Industrial Revolution transformed the way goods were produced in the United States.

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