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REHABILITATION FOLLOWING A BURN INJURY

REHABILITATION FOLLOWING A BURN INJURY. Sunny Chirieleison, MPT. UNM Burn Center Adult & Pediatric Injury. from tragedy… hope!. Rehabilitation begins on the day of admission…. Evaluation Assessment Wound care Prevention of contractures Positioning/splinting ROM Edema control

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REHABILITATION FOLLOWING A BURN INJURY

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  1. REHABILITATION FOLLOWING A BURN INJURY Sunny Chirieleison, MPT UNM Burn Center Adult & Pediatric Injury from tragedy… hope!

  2. Rehabilitation begins on the day of admission… Evaluation Assessment Wound care Prevention of contractures Positioning/splinting ROM Edema control Mobility training Gait training Strengthening Desensitization ADL training ↑ endurance, coordination, balance Scar management Pt/family education

  3. Burn Classification

  4. Burn Classification (cont.)

  5. *Contracture Prevention* Splints (& wearing schedules) Daily assessment of ROM Positioning Elevation to minimize edema Prevent tissue destruction Maintain soft tissues in an elongated state Influence scar formation ↑ active movement (esp. hands & ankles) Exercise program Compression

  6. The position of comfort is most often the position of contracture

  7. Areas at ↑ risk for contracture Neck Axilla Hand Require special attention by the therapist to prevent long term impairments and functional limitations

  8. Anterior Neck Burns NO Pillows under head Frequent Cervical ROM Use cervical collar (soft or rigid) for positioning If tolerated - hyperextension with head over edge of mattress (generally only in ICU when pt sedated and monitored)

  9. This deformity could have been be prevented…

  10. Axillary Burns POSITIONING In ICU patient can be positioned using pillows or bedside tables 2° to sedation Airplane splint Monitor sensation changes – adjust splint PRN ROM Patient/family education

  11. Dorsal Hand Burns Splint ASAP Exposed tendons immobilized in a position of slack to prevent rupture – and future Boutonniere deformity ROM – isolated joint flexion (no full fist) until healed or grafted

  12. Optimal position for dorsal hand burns

  13. Boutonniere Deformity Rupture of central extensor tendon or lateral bands

  14. Indications for splint use Prevention of contractures Protection of a joint or tendon Immobilization following a skin graft Decreased ROM Maintenance of ROM achieved during an exercise session or surgical release Poor patient compliance Dorsal hand burns should be splinted as soon as possible to prevent deformity !!!

  15. Scar Management / prevention Remember: fibroblasts work a 24 hour shift – every minute spent on scar management is worthwhile Imagine scar tissue as cement – Early on, wet cement can be poured and molded. Once it dries, it is as hard as stone. -a little work today will result in major changes down the road (long term benefits)

  16. Hypertrophic Scar

  17. Hypertrophic Scar Risk factors Age of patient – younger more likely to develop scar 2° to growth factor Depth of injury – involvement of dermis Length of time to heal (>21 days) h/o of hypertrophic scar formation Genetic predisposition UNM Burn Center: from tragedy… hope!

  18. Custom Compression Garments Adult & Pediatric Injury

  19. Final Thoughts Early splinting and positioning are crucial to minimize impairments and maximize function Many impairments are preventable! Burn patients will require long-term follow-up for ROM, scar management, etc., (even if initial ROM and mobility are normal) to maximize functional outcomes Please remember special considerations (hands, LE’s, and areas at high risk for contracture)… and if in doubt consult with Burn Therapist THANK YOU!!!

  20. Questions… one child burned, is one child too many! Sunny Chirieleison, MPT UNM Burn Center Adults & Pediatrics from tragedy… hope!

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