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Comprehensive Guide to DHCP and IP Address Assignment Methods at Oakton Community College

This document provides an in-depth overview of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and various methods for assigning IP addresses at Oakton Community College. It covers static and dynamic assignment techniques, including manual and automatic configuration via DHCP. The guide also addresses common DHCP issues, offers solutions for network configurations, and discusses how to integrate DHCP with DNS for dynamic entries. Troubleshooting tips for IP address shortages and network misconfigurations are included, making it a valuable resource for network administrators.

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Comprehensive Guide to DHCP and IP Address Assignment Methods at Oakton Community College

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  1. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol and IP Address Assignment CIS 238 Oakton Community College

  2. Methods for Assigning IP Addresses • Static assignment • Manually assign an IP address to a host • Dynamic assignment • Configure a host to obtain an IP address automatically using DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

  3. DHCP Lease Process

  4. DHCP Operation • Common problem on networks attempting to implement DHCP: routers do not pass broadcasts • Solutions • Configure a router to pass DHCP traffic (smart relay) • Place second DHCP server on same segment as the client • Use a DHCP relay agent to act as a proxy for a DHCP server

  5. DHCP Definition • Create DHCP Scope • Define dynamic pool • Define lease reservation(s) • Define gateway • Define scope options – DNS, Active Directory

  6. DHCP Scope Options • Name and Description • IP Address range • Subnet mask • Add Exclusions • Lease duration • Configure DHCP Options • Local specific options (Windows, VoIP) - Options that apply to all clients in one scope only -Vendor-defined option classes - User-defined option classes - Reserved client options

  7. Integrating DHCP and DNS • You can configure DHCP to create Dynamic DNS entries for clients that do not support DDNS • Helps with support of legacy, non-DDNS aware clients • Windows clients can register their own A records but they still rely on the DHCP server to create reverse lookup records

  8. Troubleshooting DHCP • A scope that has run out of addresses • Decrease length of lease for the scope • Increase range of addresses in the scope • Renumber entire scope with new, larger range of addresses • Remove some clients from overcrowded network segment • An improperly configured network • Place a DHCP server on each subnet • Implement DHCP relay agents on subnets without DHCP servers • DHCP Service down or missing Relay Agent • ipconfig /all or ifconfig –a • Windows: 169.254.xx.xx addresses on an interface or showing up on a network segment (no local DHCP server or relay).

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