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Anzio Beachhead: Allies vs Axis Powers in WWII

Learn about the World War II Battle of Anzio from January 22 to June 4, 1944, featuring key events, goals, outcomes, casualties, and its impact on the war. Allies include the United States and Britain, while Axis Powers were Germany and Italian Social Republic troops.

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Anzio Beachhead: Allies vs Axis Powers in WWII

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  1. Battle of Anzio January 22 – June 4, 1944 Raj Patel Austin Craig

  2. Who was in it? • Allies: • United States • Britain • Axis Powers: • Germany • Italian Social Republic

  3. Where did it take place? • Anzio Beachhead, Italy • Nettuno, Italy

  4. Pre-Battle Events • Allied victories in North Africa make Mediterranean Sea a necessary stronghold • Britain invaded Italy, but the German line held • Plans made in December, 1943 to make landing in Italy • America not in favor at the time, so plans are put on hold • Churchill & FDR revive the plan and agree to invade

  5. Goals • Allies • Break Stalemate • Secure route to Rome • Break Gustav Line • Cut supplies and communications for enemies • Gain control of the Mediterranean Sea • Axis Powers • Maintain Gustav Line & Important Land in Italy • Protect Rome

  6. The Battle • Allied troops come ashore in an amphibious attack on January 22, 1944 • German troops taken by surprise • Troops push 7 miles inland, fail to break line • February 1: Allies set up greater air defenses to combat Luftwaffe • February 3: Germany launches full counterattack • By early March, the battle had been fought to a standstill • May 15: Allies break Gustav Line through artillery and infantry attacks • June 4, 1944: Allies take Rome

  7. Outcome • Successful for Allies • Initial objectives were achieved, but far later than planned • Allies gain control of Rome

  8. Effect on World War II • Allies able to gain a foothold in Italy • Prevented German deployment to Northwest Europe on the eve of the Normandy Invasion

  9. Losses • Allies (43,000 casualties) • 7,000 Dead • 36,000 Wounded or Missing • Axis Powers (40,000 casualties) • 5,000 Dead • 30,500 Wounded/Missing • 4,500 Taken Prisoner

  10. Interesting Facts • Battle was result of “Operation Shingle” • Germany used weapon known as “Anzio Annie,” a 280-mm railway gun

  11. Bibliography http://olivedrab.com/od_history_ww2_ops_battles_1944anzio.php http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/anzio/72-19.htm http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/worldwarii/p/battle-of-anzio.htm

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