Presentation Transcript

1. Supporting Youth to be Tobacco Free Trish Hill, Interior Health Andrea Winckers, BC Cancer Agency
2. Learning Outcomes At the end of the session, participants will have an increased understanding of: ·       The latest evidence on youth and tobacco use ·       Cessation medications and ways to support successful quitting ·       Tobacco industry marketing tactics o youth ·       Environmental damage and social justice issues And will have greater confidence in: ·       Addressing tobacco with youth/young adults who smoke ·       Using interactive tools to educate and motivate youth to take action on tobacco
3. Tobacco Facts Tobacco kills 6000 people a year in B.C. including about 110 non-smokers Kills ½ of long term users when used exactly as intended by the manufacturer Causes twice as many deaths as vehicle crashes, alcohol, suicide, homicide, and HIV combined
4. Tobacco Facts 4,000 + chemicals in cigarette smoke, more than 50 are cancer-causing Reduces immunity and interferes with wound healing, even among younger users
5. Youth and Tobacco Products Nicotine is one of the most addictive substances known Youth often underestimate their dependence Tobacco dependence is associated with addiction to other substances Treatment of other addictions is more successful if tobacco is included
6. Support Youth Youth are increasingly asking for help to quit but are not well supported Young people are subjected to multi-million dollar marketing campaigns by tobacco companies 85% of current smokers started before age 18
7. Tobacco Use in BC Rates in Interior region are higher than the provincial average (15%), at 17% (106,500 smokers)
8. Youth Tobacco Use in BC BC youth smoking rates are lower than the national average 11% for BC youth aged 15-19 (BC Stats 2008) 31% for aboriginal youth (BC Stats 2008) Higher prevalence among those with lower socio-economic levels, mental health and addictions issues
9. Youth Feedback Ever Thought of Quitting Video Support at school – West Kootenay Youth Forum Feedback Not being supported Give out gum – gum therapy Refer to Freedom Quest Incentives – not nec. Works Teachers put stress on students Support for stress More contact with youth workers - busy
10. Gross Vid 1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qYh2tosxos
11. Forms of Tobacco Cigarettes, pipes or cigars Smokeless tobacco (chew or snuff) Newer alternatives: Paan (betel nut and candy) Dissolvable tobacco products Electronic cigarettes
12. The Cigarette Hundreds of additives are used to: Increase uptake of nicotine to the brain (ammonia) Keep the cigarette from going out Mask the taste (sugars, cocoa, other flavourings) Make smoke more tolerable to the lungs (bronchodilators) Combustion (CO) and chemicals from soil, fertilizers and pesticides
13. Cigarillos New legislation regulates flavourings, packaging and size but loopholes are appearing Packaged to look like lip gloss and markers.
14. Smokeless Tobacco Snuff (3.6 mg of nicotine after 30 min) Chew tobacco (4.5 mg after 30 min) Snus (new in Canada) Cigarettes: 1 mg nicotine
15. Smokeless is not Harmless Oral cancer Leukoplakia Periodontal disease and dental cavities
16. Target Consumers Athletes Male Youth Smokers
17. Gross Vid 2 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1MF4sCvkAAA&NR=1
18. Psychological Effects More likely to have depression More likely to have other addictions More severely dependent Often lack effective alternative coping skills
19. Depression and Smoking
20. The 5 most Effective Interventions: Increase price Reduce tobacco promotions Create smoke-free public places Counter-advertising Cessation supports for tobacco users*
21. Support and Respect Tobacco addiction should be considered a chronic condition which requires ongoing support and repeated intervention Tobacco users should be treated with respect, dignity and sensitivity when they are offered tobacco intervention Tobacco users have the right to decide whether, when, and how they will stop using
22. Positive Influences Mentoring by successful youth quitters Create trust by using a non-judgemental, supportive approach Recommendations by peers to quit Perception that their tobacco use is hurting someone else (e.g. exposing a younger sibling to second-hand smoke, modeling tobacco use to younger students)
23. Brief Interventions are Effective Minimal interventions lasting less than three minutes increase overall quit rates – teachable moment Smoking cessation interventions delivered by multiple types of service providers markedly increase cessation rates Stopping is a process which may take several attempts – brief Interventions support this process There are many opportunities to support youth to be smoke-free http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAoUeIDQsoo
24. The 3 A’s of Tobacco Cessation: Ask … Advise … Assist
25. Designed for use by non-healthcare professionals Coaches the practitioner how to communicate effectively to help with the difficult process of changing behavior and overcoming addiction TEAM Tobacco Education & Action Module
26. Tailored Interventions Goal setting, development of coping skills and self efficacy, cognitive reframing, problem solving, positive reinforcement – Developing a Quit Plan - TEAM
27. Stop Smoking Medications NRT: patches, gum, lozenges, inhaler Bupropion (Zyban) Varenicline (Champix) Insufficient evidence that they are effective for general youth population, yet effective in adult populations to increase odds of quitting Advise heavily addicted youth to discuss medications with their physician or pharmacist
28. Motivation Social injustice Environmental devastation Marketing to youth Formerly emphasis was on the dangers of tobacco Traditional use of tobacco: a positive model for aboriginal and non-aboriginal youth
29. I’ll tell you why I like the cigarette business. It costs a penny to make. Sell it for a dollar. It’s addictive. And there’s fantastic brand loyalty.
30. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JndtG8Y7yfw
31. A Global Epidemic Tobacco is grown in over 120 countries on more than 4 million hectares of the world’s agricultural land Tobacco companies use exploited labour Child labour is very inexpensive…
32. Environmental Impacts Pesticide and fertilizer runoff from fields Massive deforestation associated with tobacco curing Workers suffer: Pesticide poisoning Green tobacco sickness Lung damage
33. Environmental Impacts Worldwide, an estimated 3/4 of a billion kilograms of cigarette butts are disposed of every year They deposit nicotine, heavy metals, plastic fibers, benzene and other carcinogens into our environment Cigarette butts can take up to 15 years to break down

34. Scenarios

    You are a youth worker. Tyler (16) is in your office talking about an incident where he lost his temper. During the discussion he lets you know that he’s really trying hard to quit smoking and it’s turned him into a bit of a jerk. 2. You are a family friend. Christy is an 18 year-old who’s just found out that she’s two months pregnant. At a backyard BBQ, you notice that she’s on her 4th cigarette of the evening. She sits down beside you and starts to talk about her pregnancy.
35. Traditions Please respect traditional use of tobacco
36. Social Ecosystem Public Policy Community( resources, norms) Organizational(social, economic, political) institutions) Interpersonal(family, friends, social networks) Individual (knowledge, attitudes, skills, genetics)
37. Research states: That fear-based just-say-no approaches to drug education do not work, and they never have. To date, traditional drug education programs have failed to have any significant influence on student behaviours. Similarly, zero-tolerance drug policies have failed to solve student drug issues (instead they isolate the students who need connection with peers and caring adults the most). Centre for Addictions Research of BC
38. Research States Creating healthy physical and social environments for learning that builds connections. Benefits both academic and social development. Reduce engagement in high risk behaviours. Developing health literacy – understanding skills and confidence needed to survive and thrive in world where substance use is common. Asset – focused approach seeks to build on supporting personal capacity. 40 Developmental Assets. Cognizant of risk – what factors about the environment contribute to risk? Important to know how to address risk and compensate for it.
39. Interactive Activity Bullring Activity – Each string represents an asset and a risk your school currently has in regards to tobacco use. Multiple uses: triggers, supports, personal assets etc…
40. Whole School Approach Involves 3 interconnected areas for action that address student’s needs for: a healthy environment to learn and grow; healthy relationships and connections with peers, teachers and other school staff, and exposure to learning environments that help gain the knowledge and skills required to maximize their health and wellbeing. (Dan Reist) Areas for Action: Utilizing the 4 Pillars framework: Policy; Parnership & Sevices; Social & Physical Environment; Teaching & Learning
41. Utilizing the 4 Pillars Framework:Brainstorm for each pillar what your school could do to address tobacco use.How does your school function to promote wellbeing?How does your school address building personal capacity?
42. Resources QuitNow:1-877-455-2233 www.quitnow.ca Click on “Resources for Health Professionals” http://www.becomeanex.org/ www.bccancer.bc.ca/PPI/Prevention/tobacco www.interiorhealth.ca >choose health> tobacco reduction www.otru.org→ Training → Online Course → Tobacco and Public Health: from Theory to Practice. http://www.healthyheart.bc.ca/clinicalprevention
43. More Links Global social justice issues: http://www.globalissues.org/article/533/tobaccohttp://www.eclt.org/http://www.who.int/tobacco/resources/publications/rights_child/en/http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?id=14947 Environmental Impacts: http://www.nsra-adnf.ca/cms/file/pdf/factsheet.pdfhttp://www.ash.org.uk/files/documents/ASH_127.pdfhttp://www.who.int/tobacco/en/atlas16.pdf

44. Tobacco Free Youth