Bio 9A: Monday, January 25, 2010 Title: Cell Specialization, Part 2

1. Bio 9A: Monday, January 25, 2010Title: Cell Specialization, Part 2 • Homework: • Read Section 35-2 (pgs 897-900). and take notes using active reading strategies – see assignment sheet for details. • Do Now: • Look over your midterm exam • In your notebook, write down: • One thing you did well • One thing you could have improved on • Any questions you have about the midterm • Today’s Objectives: • Review the Midterm Exam and answer MAJOR questions (individual issues need to be discussed after school) • Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions

2. Today’s Agenda • Review Midterm Exam results • Class and grade results • Major questions you have • Cell Specialization Investigation • Worksheet w/ a partner • Class discussion & brief notes

3. Midterm Exam Results Class Data Graphed Number of 9A Students with each exam score Grade on Midterm Exam

4. Investigate Cell SpecializationSpecialized Cells have Specialized Structures “Typical” Cell “Mystery” Cell • Objectives for Class: • Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions • Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

5. The Nervous System PHA Biology 9 Moretti and Dickson

6. Neurons • Neuron = a specialized nerve cell • Function: communicate with body organs by sending electrical signals (impulses) • Structure: • Long branches send and receive signals • Cell body coordinates incoming and outgoing signals

7. Neurons:Structure and Function • Dendrites:branched extensions, carry impulses toward cell body Cell Body: nucleus & organelles • Axon:Takes impulses away • from cell body • Objectives for Class: • Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions • Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

8. Bio 9A: Tuesday, January 26, 2010Title: The Nervous System • Homework: • In notebook – 2 paragraphs summarizing class notes (see assignment sheet for details…) • How do the brain, spinal cord, sensory nerves, and motor nerves work together to sense and respond to a stimulus? • How does the structure of a neuron fit its function? • Do Now: • What is the difference between a dendrite and an axon? • How do they relate to the overall function of a neuron? • Today’s Objectives: • Identify the 2 major divisions of the Nervous System and their major components • Explain how neurons receive and send messages

9. This week… • Today: Notes on the Nervous System • Thursday: Reaction Time Lab! • Friday: Wrap up this unit with a short open-notes quiz on the nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Next week… Genetics!!

10. Nervous System:Major Divisions Working Together • Objectives for Class: • Identify the 2 major divisions of the Nervous System and their major components

11. Nervous System:The 2 Major Divisions • Central Nervous System = Brain and spinal cord • Brain: Processes information, controls responses • Spinal cord: Links brain to other nerves, controls reflex responses. • Peripheral Nervous System = All other nerves throughout the body • Motor nerves send info from brain to muscles • Sensory nerves send info from sense organs to brain • Objectives for Class: • Identify the 2 major divisions of the Nervous System and their major components Image: Adam, Inc.; http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2007/08/01/health/adam/8679.jpg

12. Nervous System:Major Divisions Working Together • Objectives for Class: • Identify the 2 major divisions of the Nervous System and their major components

13. Review:Neuron Structure and Function • Dendrites:branched extensions, carry impulses toward cell body Cell Body: nucleus & organelles • Axon:Takes impulses away • from cell body • Objectives for Class: • Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions • Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

14. Neurons:Structure and Function Axon Cell Body Dendrites • Objectives for Class: • Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions • Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

15. Neurons:Structure and Function • Objectives for Class: • Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions • Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

16. Nerve Impulse:A “wave” of electricity that travels through the neuron 3 Steps of a Nerve Impulse: • Dendrites are stimulated by a stimulus (environment or other neuron). • Electric impulse travels to cell body. • Cell body sends an impulse down the axon to the axon terminals. Stimulus! (Sound, smell, sight, taste, another neuron’s signal) • Objectives for Class: • Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

17. The “wave” of a nerve impulse: • Objectives for Class: • Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

18. Neurons communicate with other cells… • Other neurons • Muscle cells Brain cell Muscle cell Motor neuron Synapse: The place where a neuron connects to another cell Motor neuron

19. Communication At the Synapse: • Axon terminal releases neurotransmitter (a tiny signal molecule). • Neurotransmitter diffuses across synapse and signals the next cell. • This triggers an impulse in the next cell. • Objectives for Class: • Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

20. Objectives for Class: • Identify 3 specialized structures of neurons and explain that allow them to receive and transmit signals throughout the body

21. Bio 9A: Thursday, January 28, 2010Title: Reaction Time Lab • Homework: • Prepare notes for the quiz tomorrow – you can use anything written on your lab packet (see back page). • Do Now: • What is the difference between a sensory neuron and an motor neuron? • How does a neuron signal a muscle cell? • Today’s Objectives: • Measure how fast your nervous & muscle systems can react to a falling meter stick • Explain how the nervous and musculoskeletal systems work together to make you move!

22. Agenda • Review Do Now. • Reaction Time Lab: • Intro & Review Procedure (as a class) • Pre-Lab Questions (with your partner) • Choose Roles and Do Part I • Switch Roles and Repeat Part I • Do Part II (make a data table, experiment, then switch roles) • Answer the Post-Lab Conclusions  These must be completed in class! • HW: Notes to prep for quiz tomorrow. GOAL: Explain how the nervous, muscle, and skeletal systems work together to make you catch a falling meter stick.