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Robots Inside Designing and Controlling Medical Nanorobots

Robots Inside Designing and Controlling Medical Nanorobots. Chris Phoenix Director of Research (on sabbatical), Center for Responsible Nanotechnology . My History. Drexler's nanotech class, Stanford, 1988 MSCS '91 Software and dyslexia careers

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Robots Inside Designing and Controlling Medical Nanorobots

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  1. Robots Inside Designing and Controlling Medical Nanorobots Chris Phoenix Director of Research (on sabbatical), Center for Responsible Nanotechnology

  2. My History • Drexler's nanotech class, Stanford, 1988 • MSCS '91 • Software and dyslexia careers • 1996-2002, coauthored "Vasculoid" with Robert Freitas • 2002, co-founded Center for Responsible Nanotechnology

  3. NanoMedicoTelecommunications

  4. What is a robot? • A machine with programmable behavior

  5. Today's New Molecular Technologies • Single-molecule sensors • Energy transducers • Molecular containers • Coupled devices

  6. "Sorting Rotor"

  7. Future: Molecular Manufacturing • Engineered molecular machines • Bottom-up construction • Small products • Large quantities • High performance Result? • Revolution; probably disruption… • Bigger choices.

  8. Nanofactory images lizardfire.com/ html_nano/ nano.html

  9. Medical problems to solve • Biocompatibility • Power supply • Sensing • Heat dissipation • Communication

  10. In-Body Robots • Micro-devices • Hormone pumps • Pacemakers • Surgical robots • Catheters • Molecular constructions • Anti-cancer packages • Liposomes

  11. Future Robots • ~1-10 micron^3 • Advanced functionality • Sensing • Molecular intervention • Functional intervention • 10 pW per robot (cell ~30 pW)‏ • 10^11 robots per body • 50-100 micron separation • Far more data than bandwidth

  12. Medicine Is Hard • Systems of systems • Environment and homeostasis • Pathogens • Pervasive degeneration • Disease identification

  13. Communication Is Key • Learn medical status • Control robot behavior • Provide robot infrastructure • Location awareness • Coordination

  14. Sensory Capabilities • Molecule detection: 10^7 types per cubic-micron detector • Displacement, motion, force • Pressure, sound • Temperature • Electric, magnetic • Cell structure • See Nanomedicine Ch. 4 • http://www.nanomedicine.com/NMI.htm

  15. Size / Speed / Sensitivity • Temperature • 57 nm^3, 1 nsec, 31 mK • 1E9 nm^3, 100 usec, 1 uK • Single-proton massometer • 1E5 nm^3 • 10 usec cycle time? • 10 pm, 10 pN

  16. Communication Methods To Nanorobots • Chemical • Acoustic • Electromagnetic • Physical network/cables • Physiological monitoring • See Nanomedicine Ch. 7 • http://www.nanomedicine.com/NMI.htm

  17. Communication Methods From Nanorobots • Chemical (short-range, or externally processed)‏ • Acoustic (short-range)‏ • Electromagnetic (collective only)‏ • Physiological stimulation • Physical network/cables

  18. Summary • Acoustic • 100-micron distance • 100 MHz frequency = 60,000 pW • A few pW = a few kb/second • Radio • 10^6 bits/sec • Incoming only

  19. Bigger Questions • Therapy vs. Enhancement • e.g. Respirocytes for SCUBA diving • Patient-medibot interaction • Especially neural stimulation • Destructive uses of medical technology

  20. Resources • Me: cphoenix@crnano.org • http://nanomedicine.com/NMI.htm • http://CRNano.org

  21. Roadmaps and Bootstrapping • Foresight/Battelle/Drexler: mainly biopolymer • Freitas/Merkle: direct to diamondoid • Increasingly small manufacturing • Molecular building blocks • Biopolymer/Silica

  22. How soon? • Cost probably drops with Moore’s Law • Exponentially and rapidly • Tech trends without forcing: three decades? • …till it would be achieved with minimal effort • Thus, if $1B now: $1M in one decade??? • Who will want it, and when will they realize? • How fast can a "Nanhattan project" go?

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