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Viruses

Viruses. Reverse Transcription and Integration. Initiation of Reverse Transcription. HIV gRNA. Figure 7.2 Primer binding. Fig. 7.3 Replication. Jump!!. Perhaps a simpler view?. Single RNA strand. copy. Jump!. Discard. Copy. Discard. Copy. Separate. Jump!.

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Viruses

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  1. Viruses

  2. Reverse Transcription and Integration

  3. Initiation of Reverse Transcription HIV gRNA Figure 7.2 Primer binding

  4. Fig. 7.3 Replication

  5. Jump!!

  6. Perhaps a simpler view?...

  7. Single RNA strand copy Jump! Discard Copy Discard Copy Separate Jump! Double strand DNA copy

  8. Figure 7.5 Recombinaton Models

  9. Figure 7.6 RTs from Avian Sarcoma/Leukosis Virus Murine leukemia Virus and HIV

  10. Figure 7.7 Mutational Intermediates

  11. Figures 7.10 and 7.12

  12. Figure 7.11 RTase Mechanism (same as all polymerases)

  13. Figure 7.14 Integration

  14. Some HIV animations: • http://www.learner.org/channel/courses/biology/units/hiv/images.html

  15. FLU!!!!!!! • WHAT IS IT???? • Will there be a pandemic? • How does the “pandemic” evolve? • How does flu evade our immune system? • How are vaccines made? • Etc.

  16. Negative-Strand RNA Viruses: • Viruses with negative-sense RNA genomes are a little more diverse than positive-stranded viruses. Possibly because of the difficulties of expression, they tend to have larger genomes encoding more genetic information. Because of this, segmentation is a common though not universal feature of such viruses.

  17. Negative-sense RNA genomes are not infectious as purified RNA. Virus particles all contain a virus-specific polymerase. The first event when the virus genome enters the cell is that the (-)sense genome is copied by the polymerase, forming either (+)sense transcripts which are used directly as mRNA, or a double-stranded molecule known either as the replicative intermediate (RI) or replicative form (RF), which serves as a template for further rounds of mRNA synthesis.

  18. (Carbohydrates)

  19. Figure 5.10

  20. Figure 5.14 Influenza + receptor--sialic acid Different strains prefer different oligos

  21. Flu Viral Uptake

  22. Figure 5.20 Flu entry

  23. Fig. A-8 Orthomyxoviruses (like Flu)

  24. Figure A-9 Flu Life Cycle

  25. Figure 5-21 HA changes

  26. Figure 6.9 Flu RNA replication

  27. Figure 6.11 Activation of Flu RdRp

  28. Figure 6.18

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