Download
1 / 17
170 likes | 247 Vues
COMPUTER NETWORKS. RANJEET PRASAD B.TECH(CSE). Introduction. A network is a collection of computers connected to each other. The network allows computers to communicate with each other and share resources and information.
E N D
COMPUTER NETWORKS RANJEET PRASAD B.TECH(CSE)
Introduction • A network is a collection of computers connected to each other. The network allows computers to communicate with each other and share resources and information. • The Advance Research Projects Agency (ARPA) designed "Advanced Research Projects Agency Network" (ARPANET) for the United States Department of Defense. It was the first computer network in the world.
Benefits of Computer Network • Cost Effective Resource Sharing • By networking your business computers you can reduce the amount of money you spend on hardware by sharing components and peripherals while also reducing the amount of time you spend managing your computer system. • Equipment sharing is extremely beneficial: when you share resources, you can buy equipment with features that you would not otherwise be able to afford as well as utilize the full potential of that equipment on your network. A properly designed network can result in both lower equipment costs and increased productivity.
Benefits of Computer Network 2. Streamlined Business Processes • A well-designed computer network produces benefits on several fronts: within the company, between companies, and between companies and their customers. Within the company, networks enable businesses to streamline their internal business processes. Common tasks such as employee collaboration on projects, provisioning, and holding meetings can take less time and be much less expensive. For example, a managing editor, associate editors, writers, and artists may need to work together on a publication.
Benefits of Computer Network 3. Freedom to Choose the Right Tool • A networking solution that enables data and resource sharing between different types or brands of hardware, operating systems, and communication protocols—an open networking environment—adds another dimension to the information-sharing capabilities inherent in computer networking.
Benefits of Computer Network 4. Powerful, Flexible Collaboration b/w Companies • When two or more companies connect selected portions of their networks, they can streamline business processes that normally occupy inordinate amounts of time and effort and that often become weak points in their productivity
Benefits of Computer Network 5.Secure Management Of Sensitive Information • Another significant advantage of computer networking is the ability to protect access to network resources and files. A network that is properly designed has extremely powerful security features that enable you to control who will have access to sensitive data, equipment, and other resources. This control can be exercised over both your own employees and those outside your company who access your system over the Internet.
TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS • Personal Area Network (PAN) • Local Area Network (LAN) • Campus Area Network (CAN) • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) • Wide Area Network (WAN) • Global Area Network (GAN) • Internetwork
LAN • A local-area network (LAN) is a computer network that spans a relatively small area. Most LANs are confined to a single building or group of buildings, however, one LAN can be connected to other LANs over any distance via telephone lines and radio waves. • There are many different types of LANs, with Ethernets being the most common for PCs. Most Apple Macintosh networks are based on Apple's AppleTalk network system, which is built into Macintosh computers.
LAN A conceptual diagram of a local area network using 10BASE5 Ethernet
WAN • A wide area network (WAN) is a network that covers a broad area (i.e., any telecommunications network that links across metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries) using private or public network transports. Business and government entities utilize WANs to relay data among employees, clients, buyers, and suppliers from various geographical locations. • In essence, this mode of telecommunication allows a business to effectively carry out its daily function regardless of location. The Internet can be considered a WAN as well, and is used by businesses, governments, organizations, and individuals for almost any purpose imaginable.
MAN • A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network in which two or more computers or communicating devices or networks which are geographically separated but in same metropolitan city and are connected to each other are said to be connected on MAN.The limits of Metropolitan cities are determined by local municipal corporations and we cannot define them. Hence, the bigger the Metropolitan city the bigger the MAN, smaller a metro city smaller the MAN.
PAN • A personal area network (PAN) is a computer network used for communication among computerized devices, including telephones and personal digital assistants. PANs can be used for communication among the personal devices themselves (intrapersonal communication), or for connecting to a higher level network and the Internet (an uplink). A wireless personal area network (WPAN) is a PAN carried over wireless network technologies such as IrDA, Wireless USB, Bluetooth, Z-Wave, ZigBee, or even Body Area Network. The reach of a WPAN varies from a few centimeters to a few meters. A PAN may also be carried over wired computer buses such as USB and FireWire.
