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Fall Oats an Alternate Forage Option

Fall Oats an Alternate Forage Option . Dr. Mike Hutjens Dairy Extension Specialist. Jim Baltz Instructional Design Specialist. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Learn Objective. The growing and feeding of a fall cereal grain can be a viable forage resource

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Fall Oats an Alternate Forage Option

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  1. Fall Oatsan Alternate Forage Option • Dr. Mike HutjensDairy Extension Specialist Jim BaltzInstructional Design Specialist University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

  2. Learn Objective • The growing and feeding of a fall cereal grain can be a viable forage resource • With drought concerns in 2012,. fall oats can be an emergeny forage crop of dairy cattle. • Guideline on growing and harvesting oat silage will be presented.

  3. We still have time,but make the yourdecision now!

  4. Fall Oat Forage Selection • Maturity rating is important • Early-season • Mid-season • Late-season

  5. When to Plant Fall Oats? • Mid to Late July • Use forage-type cultivar (such as ForagePlus Oats) • Late Planting: Beyond 1st week of August • Consider using earlier-maturing, grain-type cultivars

  6. Key Factor To Consider • Be aware of the potential for herbicide carryover • Availability of oat seed • Rain and soil moisture status • Early freeze vs. an adequate growing period

  7. Average Illinois Precipitation in Inches

  8. Illinois WeatherMedian Date of 28°F FreezeBased on 1981-2010 Averages • Oct 1 to 10 • Oct 11 to 20 • Oct 21 to 31 • Nov 1 to 10

  9. Late Planted Oats: 12 August Yields of DM for four oat cultivars planted on about 12 August; data represent 2-year means from a study conducted at Prairie du Sac, WI (Coblentz and Walgenbach, 2010). Fall-Grown Oat Forages: Cultivars, Planting Dates, and Expected Yields by Wayne Coblentz and Mike Bertram, University of Wisconsin Forage Team

  10. Yields of four oat cultivars planted on July 15 and August 1 Data represent 3-year means from a study conducted at Marshfield, WI (Coblentz et al., 2011). Dane, Ogle, and Vista are grain-type cultivars that have early, mid, and late maturity ratings, respectively. ForagePlus is a forage-type cultivar that matures more slowly than Vista. Fall-Grown Oat Forages: Cultivars, Planting Dates, and Expected Yields by Wayne Coblentz and Mike Bertram, University of Wisconsin Forage Team

  11. Oats vs Wheat Yield comparisons of (2) winter wheat and (4) oat cultivars across three harvest dates during 2006-2007 at Prairie du Sac, WI (Coblentz and Walgenbach, 2010). Cultivars were established on 11 August 2006 and 13 August 2007. Fall-Grown Oat Forages: Cultivars, Planting Dates, and Expected Yields by Wayne Coblentz and Mike Bertram, University of Wisconsin Forage Team

  12. Standing DM Concentrations Standing DM concentrations for fall-grown oat forages harvested on 5 dates throughout the fall at Marshfield, WI (Coblentz et al., 2011). All forages were planted on August 1, and means represent 3-year averages. The red horizontal line (▬▬) represents the minimum concentration of DM for satisfactory silage fermentation (30%). Fall-Grown Oat Forages: Cultivars, Planting Dates, and Expected Yields by Wayne Coblentz and Mike Bertram, University of Wisconsin Forage Team

  13. Concentrations of NDF from oat forages planted on August 1 and harvested on five dates throughout the fall at Marshfield, WI (Coblentz et al., 2012). Fall-Grown Oat Forages: Unique Quality Characteristics by Wayne Coblentz and Mike Bertram, University of Wisconsin Forage Team

  14. Forage NDF ADF Lignin Lignin (Headed) ------------- % of DM ------------- % of NDF Oat silage 60.6 38.9 5.5 9.1 Barley silage 56.3 34.5 5.6 9.9 Triticale silage 59.7 39.6 5.8 9.7 Wheat silage 59.9 37.6 5.8 9.7 Fiber composition of selected cereal-grain forages(NRC, 2001)

  15. Nutrient Comparison(NRC, 2001) %DM %CP %ADF %TDN Corn Silage 35 8.8 28.1 68.8 Oatlage 35 12.9 38.9 56.8 Haylage 39 20.0 37.0 56.6 Oat Hay 92 9.1 36.4 55.9 Hay 88 20.2 31.2 58.9

  16. Take Home Messages • Seed 3 bushels per acre in a “good” seed bed • Plant a grain type, early season oat in mid August • Harvest in the boot stage • 2 to 3 tons of dry matter per acre with high levels of sugar possible • Wilting of the silage may be needed (>30% DM) • Add an inoculant to improve fermentation

  17. Check out our online dairy courses at http://online.ansci.illinois.edu/and Illini DairyNETat http://www.livestocktrail.illinois.edu/dairynet/ Dr. Mike HutjensDairy Extension Specialist Jim BaltzInstructional Design Specialist University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

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