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The Digestive and Excretory Systems: Functions and Waste Management

This article explores the complex processes of digestion and waste elimination in the human body. It discusses what happens when indigestible materials move through the large intestine too quickly or slowly, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, and the components of mechanical and chemical digestion in the mouth. Additionally, it highlights the role of the excretory system, including kidneys, skin, and lungs in maintaining homeostasis by removing toxins and waste products like ammonia.

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The Digestive and Excretory Systems: Functions and Waste Management

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  1. Sponge # 10 • What happens if the indigestible material in the large intestines moves through it too quickly? Too slowly? • When oxygen-poor blood travels to the lungs, what is the waste product it is dropping off? What is it picking up? • What part of the mouth uses mechanical digestion? Chemical? • Where does digestion start?

  2. What happens if the indigestible material in the large intestines moves through it too quickly? Too slowly? • Diarrhea • Constipation 2. When oxygen-poor blood travels to the lungs, what is the waste product it is dropping off? What is it picking up? • Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and water vapor • Oxygen 3. What part of the mouth uses mechanical digestion? Chemical? • Teeth • Saliva 4. Where does digestion start? • Mouth

  3. List any non-solid wastes in your body that comes to your mind.

  4. KEY CONCEPTThe excretory system removes wastes and helps maintain homeostasis.

  5. skin lungs kidneys ureters urinary bladder urethra • Nonsolid wastes are eliminated through lungs, skin, and kidneys. • Lungs • exhale carbon dioxide and water vapor. • Sweat • glands in skin release excess water and salts. • Kidneys • filter and clean the blood to produce urine.

  6. The Bladder stores urine • Ammonia is the toxic product produced when the body breaks down amino acids for energy • It is removed from the body by the kidneys

  7. Kidneys have three basic functions in maintaining homeostasis. • remove waste from blood • help to maintain electrolyte, pH, and fluid balances • release key hormones

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