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Spreadsheet-Based Decision Support Systems

This introduction chapter covers the essentials of Decision Support Systems (DSS), defining its components and applications. A DSS enhances managerial decision-making through integrated data sources, modeling techniques, and user-friendly interfaces. The chapter emphasizes DSS characteristics, including the combination of human judgment and computerized information. It also explains the role of spreadsheets, such as Excel, and the significance of learning related IT skills. The overview sets the stage for further exploration of Excel functionalities, VBA programming, and case studies that illustrate practical DSS applications.

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Spreadsheet-Based Decision Support Systems

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  1. Spreadsheet-Based Decision Support Systems Chapter 1: Introduction Prof. Name name@email.com Position (123) 456-7890 University Name

  2. Overview • 1.1 Introduction to DSS • 1.2 Defining DSS • 1.3 DSS Applications • 1.4 Textbook Overview • 1.5 Summary

  3. Introduction to DSS • A decision support system (DSS) gives its users access to a variety of data sources, modeling techniques, and stored domain knowledge via an easy to use GUI. • For example: • Using data residing in spreadsheets or databases • Preparing mathematical models using this data • Solving or analyzing these models using problem-specific methodologies • Assisting the user in the decision-making process through a graphical user interface • Learning DSS development skills, which combine OR/business skills with information technology (IT) skills, will make students highly sought after in the modern workplace.

  4. Defining a DSS • A decision support system (DSS) is a model-based or knowledge-based system intended to support managerial decision making in semi-structured or unstructured situations (Turban and Aronson, 2001). • A DSS is not meant to replace a decision maker, but to extend his/her decision making capabilities. • Characteristics of a DSS include: • Combining human judgment with computerized information • Designed to be user-friendly • Uses models for analyzing decision-making situations • Improves the effectiveness of making a decision • Provides managerial support

  5. Defining a DSS (cont’d) Decision Support System Database Model Base Knowledge Base GUI User • A DSS application contains five components: • Database • Model base • Knowledge base • GUI • User

  6. Components of a DSS Data Graphical User Interface Modeling and Optimization Presentation of Results Simulation Data Analysis Information System Decision Support System

  7. DSS Applications • Car production • Railroad Car Management • Portfolio Management and Optimization • Facility Layout

  8. Textbook Overview • Overview of Excel • Overview of VBA for Excel • Overview of Case Studies • Overview of Appendices

  9. Overview of Excel • Excel Basic Functionality • Chapter 2: Excel Basics and Formatting • Chapter 3: Referencing and Names • Chapter 4: Functions and Formulas • Chapter 5: Charts & Sparklines • Chapter 6: Pivot tables • Excel Extended Functionality • Chapter 7: Statistical Analysis with Excel • Chapter 8: Solving Mathematical Programs • Chapter 9: Simulation • Chapter 10: Working with Large Data

  10. Overview of VBA for Excel • VBA for Excel • Chapter 11: Introduction to the Visual Basic Environment • Chapter 12: Recording Macros • Chapter 13: More on Objects • Coding in VBA • Chapter 14: Variables • Chapter 15: Sub Procedures and Function Procedures • Chapter 16: Programming structures • Chapter 17: Arrays • Creating a User Interface • Chapter 18: User Interface • Re-visiting Excel Extended Functionality • Chapter 19: Mathematical Programming Revisited • Chapter 20: Simulation Revisited • Chapter 21: Working with Large Data Using VBA

  11. Overview of Case Studies • Chapter 22: The DSS Development Process • Chapter 23: GUI Design • Chapter 24: Programming Principles • Case Studies in IE/OR and Business • Case Study 1: Birthday Simulation • Case Study 2: Eight Queens • Case Study 3: Inventory Management • Case Study 4: Warehouse Layout • Case Study 5: Forecasting Methods • Case Study 6: Facility Layout • Case Study 7: Portfolio Management and Optimization • Case Study 8: Reliability Analysis • Case Study 9: Retirement Planning • Case Study 10: Queuing Simulation: Single Server and Multi Server • We have developed 25 case studies. 10 case studies are included in the book. The remaining case studies are available at the website: www.dssbooks.com.

  12. Overview of Appendices • Appendix A: Excel Add-Ins • Data Analysis Toolpack • The Solver and Premium Solver • CPLEX • @RISK • Crystal Ball • StatTools • Appendix B: Debugging and Error Checking • Types of Errors • The Debug Toolbar • The Debug Windows • Debugging tips • Error Checking • Appendix C: Advanced Programming Topics • Object Oriented Programming in VBA for Excel • Opening Other Applications From VBA

  13. Summary • Decision support systems are model-based or knowledge-based systems which support managerial decision making. A DSS is not meant to replace a decision maker, but to extend his/her decision making capabilities. • There are five components to a DSS: database, model base, knowledge base, GUI, and user. • Excel is a spreadsheet application with functionality for storing and organizing data, performing various calculations, and using additional packages for more advanced problem solving and analysis. • VBA is a programming language that allows for further manipulation of the Excel functionalities and creation of dynamic applications which can receive user input for the model base component of the DSS. • The case studies are intended to show the reader how to develop DSS applications which integrate databases, models, methodologies, and user ­ interfaces.

  14. Additional Links • (place links here) • Example DSS applications • Course website and/or syllabus

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