Session 4: Gas statistics

1. Session 4: Gas statistics United Nations Statistics Division International Workshop on Energy Statistics 24-26 September 2012, Beijing, China

2. World production (103 TJ)

3. SIEC 3: Natural gas Natural GasA mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons, primarily methane, but generally also including ethane, propane and higher hydrocarbons in much smaller amounts and some non combustible gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide. It can be “associated” and “non-associated” It can be be converted to liquid form for ease of storage or transport (Liquefied Natural Gas – LNG) by condensing it into a liquid at close to atmospheric pressure by cooling it to approximately −162 °C (−260 °F) LNG is principally used for transporting natural gas to markets, where it is regasified and distributed as pipeline natural gas Biogas and manufactured gasses are excluded

4. Extraction of associated gas Extraction of non-associated gas Flaring Venting Re-injection Imports Stock changes Production Transformation Final consumption Energy industry own use Losses Exports Int. bunkers Total energy supply Non energy use Final Energy Consumption Manufacturing, const. and non-fuel industry Transport Other (Agriculture, Households, etc.)

5. Measurement units • Gaseous fuels are generally measured in Volume (e.g. m3) and energy units (e.g. Joules) • Volume measures generally based on 2 reference conditions: • Normal conditions: measured at 0° Celsius and at a pressure of 760 mm Hg • Standard conditions: measured at 15° Celsius and at a pressure of 760 mm Hg Recommended standard conditions

6. Data items They reflect data collected from statistical units

9. UNSD Annual Questionnaire

10. UNSD Annual Questionnaire

11. Common problems • Sometimes data are reported in tons. Hard to make the conversion into Terajoules • Calorific values when data are reported in cubic metres • Flaring and venting – often not reported • Input into electricity and heat plants • Energy use vs non-energy use • Transport

12. Thank you!