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Advancing Wildlife and Ecosystem Health through Science

Advancing Wildlife and Ecosystem Health through Science. Jonathan Sleeman USGS National Wildlife Health Center. Emerging Infectious Diseases. Unprecedented number of emerging infectious diseases Human-induced environmental changes favor disease emergence

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Advancing Wildlife and Ecosystem Health through Science

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  1. Advancing Wildlife and Ecosystem Health through Science Jonathan Sleeman USGS National Wildlife Health Center

  2. Emerging Infectious Diseases • Unprecedented number of emerging infectious diseases • Human-induced environmental changes favor disease emergence • Many disease threats to human, animal and ecosystem health are of wildlife origin

  3. Consequences of Emerging Diseases • Impacts on human health, wildlife health & the global economies and societies • 35 million people living with HIV globally • 300 million poultry culled since 2003 as a result of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian flu • Chytrid fungus has reduced global diversity of amphibians • Ecological impacts of white-nose syndrome in bats

  4. Invasive Species and Transboundary Diseases • Global movement and trade of wildlife opens new pathways for pathogens to jump to new continents and new species • Introduction of monkeypox to the United States from the trade in Gambian pouched rats • Avian botulism in Great Lakes outbreaks linked to invasive gobies and dreissenid mussels • Waterfowl die-offs in Midwestern states from exotic trematode infection carried by European faucet snails

  5. Emerging Diseases Investigated by USGS(red indicates transboundary diseases) Sea Otter Mortality Avian Cholera Lead Poisoning 1970s Hawaiian Forest Bird Diseases Inclusion Body Disease Newcastle Disease Avian Botulism 1990s 2009+ Coral reef health Avian Influenza West Nile Virus Amphibian Malformations Monkeypox Chronic Wasting Disease White-Nose Syndrome

  6. National Wildlife Health Center Advancing Wildlife and Ecosystem Health The U.S. Geological Survey’s National Wildlife Health Center mission is to provide national leadership to safeguard wildlife and ecosystem health through dynamic partnerships and exceptional science

  7. “CDC for Wildlife” Uniquely designed biocontainment (BSL-3) diagnostic and research facility for wildlife located in Madison, Wisconsin Field station in Hawaii

  8. What We Do • Disease investigations • Surveillance and monitoring • Emergency response • Applied research • Education, training and outreach Advancing Wildlife and Ecosystem Health

  9. Early Detection of Transboundary Diseases • Investigating wildlife mortality events nationwide is critical to early detection of introduced diseases • Generates information vital to determine cause of death, assess the threat, and support management and law enforcement agencies “Afflockalypse” blackbird deaths in Arkansas, 2011

  10. White Nose Syndrome: An Example of a Transboundary Disease • In 2007, we discovered and described Geomycesdestructans, the likely infectious cause of white-nose syndrome in bats • Appears to be an introduced pathogen from Europe • Causing unprecedented mortality of bats • Bats are primary predators of insects and bat population declines will negatively impact forest health, agriculture, and human health

  11. One HealthHuman-Agriculture-Wildlife-Ecosystem Health … in a Connected World DISEASE

  12. Integrated Partner-Driven Science • Avian botulism in the distressed Great Lakes • National Park Service • Wildlife trade and global disease emergence • EcoHealth Alliance

  13. For more information about the NWHC please visit: http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/ Contact Information: Jonathan Sleeman, MA, VetMB, Dipl. ACZM, Dipl. ECZM, MRCVSCenter DirectorUSGS, National Wildlife Health Center6006 Schroeder RoadMadison, WI 53711Tel: (608) 270 2401Fax: (608) 270 2415Email: jsleeman@usgs.gov

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