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Crowds and Rioting

This article explores the complexities of crowd behavior through three key theories: Emergent Norm Theory, Contagion Theory, and Convergence Theory. It analyzes how individuals are influenced by social norms, emphasizing that in chaotic situations like riots, people look to others for cues on appropriate behavior. The piece also discusses why some individuals partake in violence while others do not, and the phenomenon of cheering during violent acts. It illustrates the collective mindset of crowds and how shared characteristics can lead to similar behaviors in high-stakes environments.

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Crowds and Rioting

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  1. Crowds and Rioting

  2. Emergent Norm Theory of Crowds • Individuals are guided by norms in most situations – the same norms that guide most crowd behavior • But in a crowd, we may be confused about what behavior is appropriate – and so we look to others for cues • So if a norm of violence emerges from the crowd, all violent acts will be cheered and rewarded

  3. Contagion Theory • The crowd is an organism with a life of its own – a breathing, living organism • The crowd has a collective mind of its own • When contagion sweeps through a crowd with heightened intensity, a riot and violent behavior can easily occur

  4. Convergence Theory • Like-minded people join crowds and so the “convergence behavior” that we see is a result of people who are similar doing the same thing • People act much the same outside of a “riot” and so there is no reason to believe that they’ll act differently during a riot

  5. Videos • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXss0HvTUj8&feature=related (from the inside) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJbN1HyidRo&feature=related (from the inside) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZkHIlK64RQ&feature=related (from the outside)

  6. Discussion • How do you explain people jumping up and down and cheering? • How do you explain why some individuals commit violent acts and not others? • Why do some people cheer violence? Sometimes crowd movement and pushing and rushing are nothing more than people wanting to “get good views” of some exciting occurrence

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