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Chapter 20 Section 3

Chapter 20 Section 3. monoprotic acid - contains one ionizable H ex - HNO 3 diprotic acid - contains two ionizable H ex - H 2 SO 4 triprotic acid - contains three ionizable H ex - H 3 PO 4. Definitions of acids and bases Arrhenius Definition

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Chapter 20 Section 3

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  1. Chapter 20 Section 3 monoprotic acid- contains one ionizable H ex- HNO3 diprotic acid- contains two ionizable H ex- H2SO4 triprotic acid- contains three ionizable H ex- H3PO4

  2. Definitions of acids and bases Arrhenius Definition acid- hydrogen containing compounds that ionize to yield H+ ions ex- HCℓ(aq)  H+(aq) + Cℓ-(aq) base- hydroxide containing compounds that ionize to yield OH- ions ex- NaOH(aq)  Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) *not a good definition b/c it omits many substances (ex- NaHCO3 baking soda)

  3. Bronsted-Lowry Definition acid- H+ ion donor ex HCℓ(aq) + H2O(ℓ)  H3O+(aq) + Cℓ-(aq) -produces hydronium ion- H3O+ base- H+ ion acceptor -used this definition b/c not all bases contain OH- but do all form OH- in solution ex NH3(aq) + H2O(ℓ)  NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq)

  4. conjugate acid- particle formed when a base gains a hydrogen ion conjugate base- particle that remains when an acid has donated a hydrogen ion conjugate acid-base pair- two substances related to each other by the loss or gain of a single hydrogen ion -an acid donates a proton and becomes a conjugate base -a base accepts a proton and becomes a conjugate acid

  5. -page 597- look at examples amphoteric- substances that can act as acids or bases Lewis Acids and Bases acid - substance that can accept a pair of electrons base - substance that can donate a pair of electrons

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