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Judith E. Allgrove, PhD; Mark Chapman, MSc; Tatiana Christides, MD; Paul M. Smith, PhD

Immunoendocrine responses of male spinal cord injured athletes to 1-hour self-paced exercise: Pilot study. Judith E. Allgrove, PhD; Mark Chapman, MSc; Tatiana Christides, MD; Paul M. Smith, PhD. Aim

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Judith E. Allgrove, PhD; Mark Chapman, MSc; Tatiana Christides, MD; Paul M. Smith, PhD

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  1. Immunoendocrine responses of male spinal cord injured athletes to 1-hour self-paced exercise: Pilot study Judith E. Allgrove, PhD; Mark Chapman, MSc; Tatiana Christides, MD; Paul M. Smith, PhD

  2. Aim • Examine and quantify acute effect of 1 h, self-paced handcycling time trial on mucosal immunity, concentration of circulating leukocytes, and stress hormone responses. • Relevance • Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) often have recurrent respiratory tract, urinary tract, and skin infections. • In nondisabled individuals, intense exercise can negatively affect immune function, while moderate exercise may enhance immunity.

  3. Methods • 9 male paraplegic athletes performed 1 h of handcycling exercise on standard 400 m track. • Heart rate (HR) was measured continuously during exercise. • Retrospective rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was obtained immediately after. • Venous blood and saliva samples were collected immediately before and after exercise and 1 h after exercise.

  4. Results • Athletes completed mean 22.4 km cycling at HR 165 beats/min, RPE 15, and blood lactate 7.9 mmol/L. • After exercise: • Total leukocytes increased 72%. • Neutrophils increased 74%. • Lymphocytes increased 53%. • Natural killer cells increased 175% (returned to near baseline 1 h postexercise). • Alpha-amylase activity increased (returned to baseline 1 h postexercise). • No significant change in saliva flow rate, salivary immuno-globulin A, or cortisol.

  5. Conclusions • These data confirm that 1 h of handcycling exercise elevated circulating leukocytes but minimally affected mucosal immunity. • These changes appear associated with alpha amylase rather than cortisol. • Results suggest that handcycling can temporarily enhance certain immune indices in individuals with SCI.

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