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Risk Communication

Risk Communication. From Awareness to Action www.do 1 thing.com. Risk Communication. Public Education Warning/Emergency Information. Public Response. 52% of families don’t have an emergency plan 51% would not know what to do if told to “shelter in place”

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Risk Communication

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  1. Risk Communication From Awareness to Action www.do1thing.com

  2. Risk Communication • Public Education • Warning/Emergency Information

  3. Public Response • 52% of families don’t have an emergency plan • 51% would not know what to do if told to “shelter in place” • 36% say they have done nothing to prepare

  4. Public Response • 3 out of 5 say they would not follow emergency instructions in a smallpox incident • 2 out of 5 would not follow instructions in a dirty bomb incident

  5. The Process Information/ Warning given Intend not to act Aware Action Intend to act

  6. The Process

  7. Intention • 43% have disaster supply kit • 31% intend to make a kit • 26% do not intend, or had not considered making a kit

  8. Factors • People who do not trust public officials are half as likely to obey emergency instructions • People who lack trust are often the same people who lack resources Caring/Empathy Honesty/ Openness Commitment/ Dedication Competence/ Expertise Factors in Public Trust

  9. Factors • The older someone is, the less likely they are to follow emergency instructions • It takes three messages (or a message and two confirming sources) to move most people to action “Believing a warning message increases the likelihood of responding to it.” - Dennis Mileti

  10. Effective Messages • Specific • Frequent • Certain • Delivered by multiple media • Confirmed by other sources

  11. Socio-economicstatus Action Knowledge/ beliefs about disaster, disease & behaviors Information sources Individual’s Risk Perception Gender Race Actions of local government Perceptions of local ecology/ environment Education Eve Gruntfest: Risky Business

  12. “It isn’t what we don’t know that kills us, it’s what we know that ain’t so.”Mark Twain

  13. Intention + Resources = Action WON’T Resources Resources CAN’T No resources No resources

  14. Intend not to act • Don’t believe they will be personally affected by disaster (54%) • Preparedness won’t be effective (45%) • Haven’t thought about it (52%)

  15. Intend not to act • Too expensive (37%) • Too time consuming (35%) • Don’t know how (44%)

  16. Intend not to act

  17. For yourself, your family and your community

  18. Resources • University of Colorado Natural Hazards Center. (2005). Quick Response Research Report 178: Evacuation Behavior in Response to the Graniteville SC Chlorine Spill. • Mileti, Dennis and Elwood Beck. (1975). “Communication in Crisis: Explaining Evacuation Symbolically.” Communication Research, 2, 24-49. • Center for Advancement of Collaborative Strategies in Health. (2004). “Redefining Readiness.” • Hart Research Associates. (2005). “The Aftershock of Katrina: Public Not Moved to Prepare.” • Covello, Vincent. (2006) “Risk Communication and Message Mapping.” Journal of Emergency Management, 4 (3), 25-40 • Green, Marc. The Psychology of Warning. Visual Expert Human Factors. <www.visualexpert.com/Resources/psychwarnings.html> • Gruntfest, Eve. (2002). Toward Improved Understanding of Warning (Abstract). US WRP Warm Season Precipitation Workshop.<box.mmm.ucar.edu/uswrp/warmseasonabstracts/gruntfest.htm>

  19. Resources • Paton, Douglas, Leigh Smith and David Johnston. “When Good Intentions Turn Bad: Promoting Natural Hazard Preparedness.” Australian Journal of Emergency Management February 2005. <www.ema.gov.au> • Gordon, Rob. (2006). “Acute responses to emergencies: findings and observations of 20 years in the field.” AustralianJournal of Emergency Management, 21 (1),17-22. • Ripley, Amanda. (2006). “Floods, Tornadoes, Hurricanes, Wildfires, Earthquakes…Why We Don’t Prepare.” Time 20 Aug 2006. <www.time.com/time/magazine> • Perry, Ronald, Michael Lindell, and Marjorie Greene. (1982). “Crisis Communications: Ethnic Differentials in Interpreting and Acting on Disaster Warnings.” Social Behavior and Personality, 10 (1), 97-104. • Tarrant, Michael. (2006). “Risk and Emergency Management.” Australian Journal of Emergency Management, 21 (1), 9-14. • Gruntfest, Eve. (2005). “Risky Business: Innovations in Natural Hazards Public Education Based on Research and Practice.” <http://www.uccs.edu/~geogenvs/ecg/presentations.htm>

  20. Contact Information Ronda Oberlin Lansing Emergency Management 517-483-4110roberlin@lansingmi.gov

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